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Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}author ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}pages': This element is not expected. Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}keywords, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}agencies, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}languages, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}disciplines, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}subjects, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}author ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}pages': This element is not expected. Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}keywords, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}agencies, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}languages, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}disciplines, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}subjects, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors ).

Invalid XML:

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    <number>1</number>
    <year>2022</year>
    <title locale="en_US">March 2022 Issue</title>
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  <date_published>2022-03-25</date_published>
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        <id type="internal" advice="ignore">448</id>
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        <title locale="en_US">Effect of different concentration of ethephon on banana (cv. Malbhog) ripening and post- harvest life at laboratory condition</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;A research study entitled effect of different concentration of ethephon on banana (cv. Malbhog) ripening and post-harvest life at laboratory condition was conducted to find out the best concentration of ethephon on banana ripening and quality parameters after harvest under ordinary room conditions. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design which comprised of five treatments; control, ethephon @ 250 ppm, Ethephon @ 500 ppm, ethephon @ 750 ppm and ethephon @ 1000 ppm replicated four times. Different post-harvest parameters were recorded on alternate days for 10 days. From the experiment, the use of ethephon @ 1000 ppm and Ethephon @ 750 ppm was found more effective regarding banana ripening and other parameters. On the final day of storage, the highest (2.937) pulp to peel ratio was recovered with ethephon @ 1000 ppm. The maximum TSS/TA ratio (31.51) was recorded in bananas treated with ethephon @ 750 ppm. The highest vitamin C content (6.285 mg/100g) was observed with ethephon@1000 ppm. The respondent gave a higher score for fruits kept as control than ethephon treated banana. Overall acceptability regarding sweetness, flavor was superior in control banana than the ethephon treated banana. The minimum spoilage loss was recorded with ethephon @ 1000 ppm (25.0%) and ethephon @500 ppm (25.0 %). From the experiment the concentration of ethephon 1000 ppm and 750 ppm was found to be effective for banana ripening.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Banana</keyword>
          <keyword>Concentration</keyword>
          <keyword>Ethephon</keyword>
          <keyword>Post harvest</keyword>
          <keyword>Ripening</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Umesh</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Timilsina</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Science and Technology, Purbanchal University, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email>umeshtimilsina7@gmail.com</email>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="5" id="1564">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Arjun Kumar</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Shrestha</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Horticulture, Agriculture and Forestry University, Chitwan, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
        </authors>
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          <name locale="en_US">ARTICLE PDF</name>
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        <citations>
          <citation>Ahmad, S., Thompson, A. K., Hafiz, I. A., &amp; Asi, A. A. (2001). Effect of temperature on the ripening behavior and quality of banana fruit. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 3(2), 224-227.</citation>
          <citation>Bal, J. S., Singh, M. P., Minhas, P. P. S., &amp; Bindra, A. S. (1990). Effect of Ethephon on ripening and quality of papaya. Tropical Fruits, XXIII IHC 296, 119-122.</citation>
          <citation>Basnyat, R. C., Shrestha, G. K., Dhital, P., &amp; Thapa, R. B. (1996). Socioeconomic conditions of banana growers and their practices in banana production, handling and marketing in Chitwan district district: a case study. IAAS Research Reports (1994-1995), 27-35</citation>
          <citation>Gautam, D. M., &amp; Dhakal, D. D. (1993). Falful Tatha Audhogik Bali (In Nepali). Pavitra and Rupa publication, Bharatpur, Chitwan.</citation>
          <citation>Hakim, M., Obidul Huq, A. K., Alam, M., Khatib, A., Saha, B. K., Formuzul Haque, K. M., &amp; Islam, Z. (2012). Role of health hazardous Ethephone on nutritive values of selected pineapple, banana and tomato. Journal of Food, Agriculture &amp; Environment, 10(2), 247-251.</citation>
          <citation>Islam, M., &amp; Rul, K. (2014). Effects of Different Levels of Ethylene Scavenging Compound on Shelf Life and Quality of Banana (Doctoral Dissertation, Myensingh University, Bangladesh).</citation>
          <citation>John, P., &amp; Marchal, J. (1995). Ripening and biochemistry of the fruit. In Bananas and plantains (pp. 434-467). Springer Netherlands.</citation>
          <citation>Khatiwada, B.P. (2005). Ripening regulation of banana (Musa sapientum L.) cv. Malbhog using chemicals and indigenous plant materials. Msc thesis. Department of horticulture. Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. 88 pp.</citation>
          <citation>Kishore, K., Bharali, R., Pathak, K. A., &amp; Yadav, D. S. (2006). Studies on ripening changes in purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). Journal of Food Science and Technology-Mysore, 43(6), 599-602.</citation>
          <citation>Khader, M. A. J. B. M., Chellappan, K., Pillai, O. A. A., &amp; Chattapadhaya, P. K. (1995). Banana. In: Fruits of India. Tropical and subtropical. Ed. TK Bose, B Mitra, Naya Prakash, Calcutta (W.B.) INDIA. pp. 124</citation>
          <citation>Mahajan, B. V. C., Singh, G., &amp; Dhat, A. S. (2008). Studies on ripening behavior and quality of winter guava with ethylene gas and Ethephon treatment. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 45(1): 81-84</citation>
          <citation>Mahajan, B. V. C., Kaur, T., Gill, M. I. S., Dhaliwal, H. S., Ghuman, B. S., &amp; Chahil, B. S. (2010). Studies on optimization of ripening techniques for banana. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 47(3), 315-319.</citation>
          <citation>Marriott, J., &amp; Palmer, J. K. (1980). Bananas—physiology and biochemistry of storage and ripening for optimum quality. Critical Reviews in Food Science &amp; Nutrition, 13(1), 41-88.</citation>
          <citation>Mebratie, M. A., Woldetsadik, K., Ayalew, A., &amp; Haji, J. (2015). Comparative Study of Different Banana Ripening Methods. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal, 4(2), 32-38.</citation>
          <citation>Mohamed, H. E., &amp; Abu-Goukh, A. B. (2003). Effect of ethrel in aqueous solution and ethylene released from ethrel on mango fruit ripening. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 78(4), 568-573.</citation>
          <citation>Pathak, N., &amp; Sanwal, G. G. (1991). Regulation of the ripening of banana (Musa acuminata) fruits by chemicals. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science, 69(1), 17-20.</citation>
          <citation>Pendharkar, P. Y., Hiwale, S. S., &amp; Patil, A. B. (2011). Studies on the effect of ethrel on ripening of banana fruits cv. GRAND NAINE. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 6(2), 309-312.</citation>
          <citation>Shrestha, B. K. (2010). Effect of postharvest treatments on prolonging shelf life of banana (Doctoral dissertation, MSc Thesis. Department of Horticulture. Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal).</citation>
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        </citations>
        <pages>20-25</pages>
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        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.0701019</id>
        <title locale="en_US">Existing agroforestry practices and their contribution to the socio-economic condition of the people of west Nawalparasi, Nepal: A case study</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;The modern agroforestry systems have the potential to improve livelihood through the &lt;br&gt;production of food, fodder, and firewood as well as mitigation of the impact of climate change. Therefore, it's high time to study local people's perception towards agroforestry adoption and suggest potential agroforestry practices and their benefits for the upliftment of their livelihood. This research was conducted in Susta rural municipality, Pratappur rural municipality, and Bardaghat municipality of Nawalaparasi (West) district to explore the existing agroforestry practices followed by the people, its contribution to the economy of households, to understand the people's perception/attitude towards its adoption and finally to propose the potential agroforestry practices. Primary data were collected using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools and secondary information through journals and reports. The analysis begins with distinguishing agroforestry systems and practices, preference of trees, benefits through these practices, people's perception, and problems regarding these practices. A total of 39 tree species and 30 food crop species were planted by 282 household people surveyed. Mangifera indica (relative prevalence 25.92%) is the most predominant fruit species whereas Dalbergia sissoo (relative prevalence 21.28%) is the most predominant timber species. It was found that the boundary planting pattern of the agroforestry system is most (40%) used by farmers of Parasi. The result demonstrated that agroforestry aids in the improvement of livelihood. Nevertheless, respondents have experienced increment incidences of pests and diseases to the annual crops and trees. Hence, the provision of training to improve the skills and knowledge of households seem to be the major need to flourish the agroforestry practices.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Boundary plantation</keyword>
          <keyword>Livelihood</keyword>
          <keyword>Relative prevalence</keyword>
          <keyword>Species composition</keyword>
        </keywords>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1557">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Sindhu</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Pokharel</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Institute of Forestry, Pokhara Campus, Tribhuvan University, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1558">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Sanjeeb</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Bhattarai</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Institute of Forestry, Hetauda Campus, Tribhuvan University, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1559">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Rabindra</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Adhikari</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Institute of Forestry, Pokhara Campus, Tribhuvan University, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1560">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Suveksha</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Jha</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athense, USA</affiliation>
            <country>US</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1561">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Aaradhana</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Pokhrel</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur Chitwan, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1562">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Madhavi</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Parajuli</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Institute of Forestry, Hetauda Campus, Tribhuvan University, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
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        <title locale="en_US">Growth analysis of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija) under three agronomic practices</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the growth of short duration transplanted &lt;em&gt;Aus&lt;/em&gt; rice (cv. Parija) under three agronomic practices. The study comprised of two nursery seeding densities &lt;em&gt;viz.&lt;/em&gt; 40 and 80 g seeds m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;, three ages of seedlings viz. 20, 30 and 40-day old, and three levels of seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;em&gt;viz. &lt;/em&gt;2, 4 and 6 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. For individual treatment effects, the highest plant height, number of tillers hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, total dry matter, leaf area index and crop growth rate were found when seedlings were raised @ 40g seed m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; and 30-day old seedlings were transplanted @4 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. In interaction, the highest number of tillers hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; (13.00) and total dry matter (22.93 g) at 45 DAT, and crop growth rate (6.71 g m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; day&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) at 15-30 DAT were obtained from the interaction among 40 g seed m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. On the other hand, the tallest plant (73.27 cm) at 45 DAT was found from the interaction among 80 g seed m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, while the highest leaf area index (2.87) was recorded from the interaction of 40 g seed m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; × 30-day old seedlings × 2 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; at 50 DAT. Considering both the significant individual and interaction treatment effects on the growth parameters, the use of 40 g seed m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1 &lt;/sup&gt;could improve the growth performance of short duration transplanted &lt;em&gt;Aus &lt;/em&gt;rice (cv. Parija). Therefore, a nursery seeding density of 40 g seed m&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; and 30-day old seedlings transplanting with 4 seedlings hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; appears as the promising combination in respect of growth performance of short duration transplanted &lt;em&gt;Aus &lt;/em&gt;rice (cv. Parija).&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Crop growth rate</keyword>
          <keyword>Dry matter</keyword>
          <keyword>Leaf area index</keyword>
          <keyword>Nursery density</keyword>
          <keyword>Seedling age</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Mukta</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Akter</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka 2015, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="8" id="1542">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Newton Chandra</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Paul</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Deapartment of Agronomy, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="8" id="1543">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Shubroto Kumar</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Sarkar</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Deapartment of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="8" id="1544">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Chandan Kumar</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Mahapatra</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka 2015, BANGLADESH; Deapartment of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="8" id="1545">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Abdur Rahman</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Sarkar</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Deapartment of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="8" id="1546">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Swapan Kumar</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Paul</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Deapartment of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>skpaul@bau.edu.bd</email>
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        <title locale="en_US">Effect of different growing media on growth and yield of leafy vegetables in nutrient film technique hydroponics system</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of growing media on the growth and yield of leafy vegetables in the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) of Hydroponic cultivation. This research was carried out for two months (Nov to Dec 2020) in the research house of Wind Power Nepal Pvt. Ltd, located at an altitude of 1310 meters above sea level. The experimental design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was growing media; namely cocopeat, sponge, and perlite. The second factor was crop types namely lettuce and pakchoi that were harvested in 30 days. The data were subjected to the ANOVA technique in R-studio software version 4.0.0 and Fisher’s protected LSD test was used to separate the means. The highest plant yield (12.55 g) was obtained from plants grown in cocopeat in the NFT hydroponics system. The longest plant shoot height (9.69 cm) was obtained from plants grown in the sponge, while the lowest plant shoot height (8.85 cm) was observed in plants grown in perlite. The broadest plant leaf width (5.54 cm) was observed in plants grown in the cocopeat when compared to the sponge (4.93 cm) and perlite (4.32 cm) growing media. The results of this study showed that growing media cocopeat followed by sponge performed better as compared to perlite. The combination of the two factors showed an insignificant result in growth and yield parameters. For the hydroponics cultivation of lettuce and pakchoi, cocopeat followed by sponges should be used as a growing medium for better growth and yield.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Crops</keyword>
          <keyword>Growing substrate</keyword>
          <keyword>Soil-less cultivation</keyword>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Sadhana</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Chhetri</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Agriculture Officer, Wind Power Nepal Pvt. Ltd, Lalitpur, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email>csadhana2@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Sushmita</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Dulal</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Environment Officer, Wind Power Nepal Pvt. Ltd, Lalitpur, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Subhawana</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Subba</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Research and Development Officer, Wind Power Nepal Pvt. Ltd, Lalitpur, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Kushal</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Gurung</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Chief Executive Officer, Wind Power Nepal Pvt. Ltd, Lalitpur, NEPAL</affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
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m+G9K1zSbiTw94o1p7K0YRNGt1PEqNtyAFbHbngV2P2lOCnaTv8l/XzPLp05Yqc6d4Qs7WWrfnr/keBftOat8Sr7QbODxHpum6FZXE019Bp9rcCWeOUkAyOwJxySPvds4r6K/Yk/aA0yzt7DRLW8urp7XTo5tVW5R9sTgojyB2zuyzAH8+1fLnx1mvbONbQm+1QKpMl5cT+aEJY4TJJI4A4PvWh+yPdSaBqt9d3Vsq6frELaaly823kEMwC/xfw5zgD9K9iEV7GM3vueHKn7PFzp3vfTX+kfs5aXcd9bxzxNujcZBqWvm74IePLiZZfCuvXYS0GGtJraSSCbYDwGdWHTgHHUc9jXo3iD4veA9Hu0v7nXdPkubdDHbBbptzE8MpH3RnsTnPOOldFKftFdHPXoyoTcJHpEkqRqWdlRB/ExwKkr53uv2wPhV4fkngw0Cyv5suIY4llYsAH+ZlDZwTk8jbX0RWhhawUUUUCCiiigAr4F+N37U3ww8Z+IrK/wBM8U3n2mxtMQ2NzY3MKpIXz5yMMANg4GemzPNffVfzoS6w6Xhl3YLoB19K2ptLciSb2Pu/UvG3gLT/AIeCbwxqNvq2pXksJutHurqJJJM7kO1nTcAN7ZxnPHpXHeOtL+DVn4CsvD8F7ajxLYJG9vdQXCu9tIHUvFJNGmJV2lwD1Hevj46otw3VJCv0JH+FI2pFRwcCtdG229DCVO/Q+z/gt4p8FaX8XG8RaF8QgmuaVpvl6fM14Z4pWYukkM6zruYYKEKrDGM9a0PF/wATPDepeF9V8RalqWpWeufa2mitJ54pDPMZVEjxoPmI5Jzwdq98AV+eovfsurXQ8zZGXY7sE556Y/Gt621lAVzMX4xnBGKx5U3qXy2+E+9/B/x4Pww+J1nfaR450TWtDQqjPcXNyJpkPDRkbNoQbiwBxzjkc49D+Pnxe8D/ABv+JvhXw74lvbfVvC2mQvfg6W4UNcOApE4aTHlhBkFSCM96/NVNYjb+OlGpQKxYBQx6t3NS6MWrXJUZ2tI/Ub4hftJ/C9r3wD4m8NeJBD4h8D3y6e9gLuTy7vTZYws6qxbEwAWMhmOdyc+lYHjb43T/ABD/AGf4JJvF9/Fff22t3cT2FysN1aKsxAeNkzvjBIkCHYcDgngH82V1aMcb6mg8QSWqusN1JCr/AHljcqD9QOtOVJWdmCVTW9j9LfFXxIGpahp2sHX9H8e+INNWG4sLi6vItIsY7tmEL3bxeaZfPWGKMiMqUJ3HCnFZnw9+IHhL4qXugXXjHxJfeJfHGiRCPXIprJ7S21GK1unltSFGA8iOwbehx6qc1+bzalFIxLMGJOSTyantNeksJlltbmS3lXgSQuUYfQjml7OPUFGd9bH61fB343eFvhX8LTLbajeaw+tanqOqiOWGKO6NzcSyTOoj3KoCucckAA8mvlrRf2hZ/EXjLS7jx18TdauvFFr4gtpYrOKArp0GAA0TKsexWDDZvjZlwS3POfjm616W+WMXNzJciNdqec5faM5wM+5NKmsxRxMhQMx+6+4jbx2xSlC9nfUbU3JPTQ+7r3xj4b0X45/EnUrDWdW0Gz1jRJLKHUdOuwJrWTbG7uGcZBDRsB/vnGMivF/H3x00D4l+FfC+mi11SbxPJGy+KfEl5LIsuotG5ETDnY5CZUFlyo2gZAr52OuSNuDXEjK2MguSDjp3pP7WLZ+dmFRKjGSa7mc6c/sn2vP8UfD3hfTrS18D6XFo2h+K9FjsNQs7ViWilt5Cy3DndxP82GKjkHgd61PDv7SXw5+CmqXPh86pIYhdqrWdlpMvkWyPl9zSDczMm4KdpP8Au+nwpHr8trjyriSHad3ysRyag/tbqfMc985Jrnq4WnUjytHfh8RXwutOx9h3nxG8J+M/EXiLxLpviKeXT/tzNJpd7aGORcksjxcg4OMH7w56gjFclbTabo+vaV4y8U6/8lwl3FaafAu/yldQgGVb5Blhz7HnivmOTUIZlIf5wezDNJHqUdrGEhHloowFUYAFKVFuKipPQybqOXtPtb+R9EaP4u0bxR8Ur9rLUtc0whWW2tLmIfZ5oYyco1wZMjeBuCjJ3NjtX0z4F/aK0vTbePWtajt9Ot9HgeKGwicNO6KvljIyTuPQYHucDOPzZbVt3OX6/wB2q6alDHdB9ixvI2GnKjdyeST3qKmHjU+L+mbYWvWwik4PVnpvgPxPaaL8UdL1K30u6ivhqnmuzNGAo84O8pDt0UMBnoe3qPvXRv2pptS1e002S40Uy3BlkluprqOPyYlIUYRc7myQ3oVNfl9ZzXmoeJry/ntp7a3SPyYcxEIFBAVSemSAST3Oa3EVPMWQKvmD+PHP51MsPFpXNaWIr0npLQ+nfiD4p8NePvH+v6rJrptLlbWaGPVjATLI4uFKmKPePlKKQCCBzkit79m/4lWy2954Kv7zy7+8Z763u5lP71sKrRZB2sQAMYPUletfIwk/02Ji3RG/pWxqWpPB4JSNfNMiXc1xCVY8fulU4A5BJC857U6lKVSKhzOy6dDOnVxFKt7aLV/zPWPjRqui31rPLobLuaR4L2T7L5Jlnjdg8hG453ZGD6CvS/gD8NZ/F/wc0qS3tJQ8V5My3UZBO52AGMjjBQGvlH4feFda8Q6bZW0dlfXM8pOSVc4BPG4ngfjX2j4Zt9R+Fvwr+wwTyOLONrm6ghuvKHHzNg4IJAHtnHWtb8sIwbvYpVJczqVXqz1fR9M1z7LZsixx3tsy7ZGlBl3Ald3ygjqMH60y2h0uHVTrM+mWUE99cSqwC7yzqzBnDHnaSM496zPCLXLLu069lSS4CFczYeVnBbBJ4BPP5VxPxK+I0nh1bd3jWWW1lMK2KHy5PMLYIOemCKyowSrR5dj1Z1Y1sPKUndpaHqPj7SdH1y2Z7vynIQJ8xHy8cCvu6vy9hj1i/jwlpbpbTRrM/wBv1AM0R2kg8jgDHSv1Cr0JJ3bPGk7pBRRRUkBRRRQAV+fesXXwg8OeH1trLwv4DvL+Mi7tLy+sGjnmZlGxmVUIU4/h+4TyAK/QSvzc+MV1/wAIz420uBrdp7SfT0WRl2+VvUmLaeCeDHnPTPfmvMxlSVNx5fP9Dsp2VCcmuq/U5Pxtr2j/ABU0fRrDV/BGiT2diS8U1ugspomPDKXQhmVsZ2n04rz7xn8KvCGrPapoPhhfD6rGFmkmlnmWZs5LBWZsZ4GAcCuiuRZaozwpp9qJLVMq8KmOMoWyobAxnJJwTkVN4V1fV7PUgdLvLy0kuGJSGFiolJz8sbkHA+Yds9a8WnXxEZJxmznXK3Z7Hxr8SPhpdeG/jNd+EEuYzLJcW6QXUkZRGWZEZG28kD5xx7V2XjL9lTxp4J8NeINYn1SxuI9B2NeWsMcqSrG0ixhxuXaRuZehJ5rt/wBvbw23gf8Aai066e+a9N3pVlcmbADLsZ4gDjjOIgfxr6p+JviTU/H3wD8dy6rFaWd3daGscMdvb/LJCtzbP5vmcZIXaSrLwBwTzX1bqSUV5j5I6o+Ivh/+yL8T/idp+q3mgWtvcw6ZfPptwZLoRkTp99Rnrjjv3FWdY/Yp+NOiWt7dXXhtltLOJ55p1vYiojRSzHG7J4B4xX6I/sqSQ+HfiV8dPDso+yRJrtprVvb7sxpFd2qSbgc8MxOSPpX0Jq1hZ6hpuo2d1AJLa6tpIplPHmIyMrL+Rx+NYOvUua+yjY/BrwZ8P/Enjtozo72ZEi7kN7qcVpuG7aMeayjr2r2K1/YT+PV1gxaDZY27h/xUFp9314k6e9dv8BfhgPFv7ONzq5tdPYabeXVvBJLdiKXarjC7SvzDLHHPOa9k8O33hn4Z/s4zXljZ20PifS/FCE3EVu3264sZogxyB87iMzAcfKCq8ZrrU5c3LYw9n7nOfCvjX4UeNPh9qyabr7Wdpesu5Y49UinBGSPvRswzx0znBBxzXO2fhjW9WmWK2T7VMwZgqTZO0Akn6DB5r7z+NGseKfEmuJB4c0TVDpNnJbm9hsbRFEsbRqGZS0YDMS8anktxjjt1ngfwSfDviqye0vjbaD4i0VoJUupPIv8ASrpEzhnXHyh843kcEHnFaUlUqrmSsvPQwnKNOXK9fQ/Pi1+DvjLULG/vIdMLQWGPtLG4UGPIBBxn0YGrOqfAfx3pPhOx8T3OmImiXs/2aC6W9iYPLtL7cBs52gmv0G/ZR8GT69pvx98F674ium168kitotevpnZlD2yBSys37wgOowc5A44pnjL4Z+EW+Fdl4L1r4jWOhWeiast2deuLFvKnkEbRmDyF+dDljyVA+XisfbXkl5nZCjGUJSe6Wn3nwN4I/Z1+InxGNwnh/SPt7W8H2qQfbY02xg43fM3tU/i39m34keAfBr+Kdc0xbDQd/lC6fUYvnYAkhV3bjgA9uxr75+Dej+Ffh3a69JoPju78cT3sKWySWUEkccSK7MXDnHBPyEeozWH+0Z4n0zxF8H/Ffhm4uLi11A6Y89tYXNyrTSuih1PlmQkglG6DpWLrT9q4rY3+rQdH2j3Pimf4D+MPA9ha6x4i0v7Npt6IVt5vtccwkMqb4/uk4BUE5PTGOtbMnwP1LdJGsGngN8rIshA/DivtL9riySz/AGY/hq9u0YjnutKR0Q5OBazOAQeQBvAH0rx6+ijy6TBhA52sVcrnJ6ZHIP0q5RcpNNmUVGMU0jw+1+AN1JxJ9hgHpud/5CtBfgZdw/L59h2Byjf4V7DeaXbwxgEMw2kRqZ3GRjkZz1pmj26xw+VHAtvBF0Acvu3Ek4J9/Wp9mu5XN5I8G8RfD1tHlisJDbtPdoxiaLcNhBwDnHHNVNB/Z71LxlpouYdYsrSDc+JNsswyOCp2JwfcmvVPG1uG8eaCMlT5M54PcBiP1Feg+C9Lhg+Cu970aV+7uJYrlpx5052EhF743Z/yKujTXvNvqc+KnyqNlqz5R+EfgltW8ReI9PmvnSLTohvkhUsshEu3oT06mvQPEfgWLQtBiu4S8zLcbfNlUrvBxxj2zVb9me4j8Mahr+p63bS29tqEaC3vJlPluELtIR6jpz616n8VNW0vXvCumnSZIpY5LpS5RSrfeAXr26/pXq08JTqYSVe6un8zzKmJnDERpWev3FBvg5YR+EPFuvwW63MOgzwrcbmdisZtw7EFSOkhAPoD7Vxtn4hNro+r3i6HHp8mnwWF2WgUqyRTRiUozMOHZW2AYzkluAK908UXQs/2V/ijNZArJ4h8QR6PArOEy0hjjwT6Hke2a8S/aU1KDw3rXxK8OxGVHTVtPtwpfcNltZGBcn+Ig9/evm4uU5OL/rY+mlThClGfl/n/AJGx4D+PmoePvEh0u2ddGhLyHffXAcRxg5T5wBvO049SR3zXda7rVrdadLEfiDZw2xH+kSNp9wMRnrzt4z6n1r56/Zo00ap4qVQZEZFZkkUj5MKcdegyc167428P3EvgDxbqM+uXm2BZBJaOwxPtSPBPAGAz49yMVdSnquV2Hh3GUW5x5vv/AEaJtK+JGr3nieC2g1X7XpC3aGCa2VohKoA2thjkD09q9E/aE1TRdP8AjvqEWsXACXVpa3M8CxszeZJbqGwBktk87v8ACvPNP8IXmj+KNHsmiTzQbb5mkxkGFCG4Hv07V6r8UPBdp4y/am8VTSWqrJpdppdlIzsDulNorsVGOF2kYzz1rdR2t2PPg37SSfcdoXg/wLqFvFMmkXVwVQgs9hMWbP8AvDGa/VevhLwrBplvClsLm181P3Zi81dwb+7tznNfdtaRv1ZtiVFcvKrBRRRVnCFFFFABX5r/ABS+JcWpadpM+ueAIbq3vJJLRbe5vSr2+3DORIgB77vw6V+lFflr8QPFmnfEGwtrTUdJ8mxtbprxEa625YjBBKqDjgdCDkda8/FRnKUUttbnp4Wzo1Yr4na3brc8fkvNPXxNqktjY6h50gbyrS9d2W3QHho/lGScg7iOcGvZf2ao9cvPiPf3y2zyaRC+DcSKqQwMACoUMcZI6FcnB54rh77xf4c8O2LxxQWOFXG0RtdSEgHJLSFzkgHPqBXmXhf4kfbNLmuL2xlubeOTyRNHbJsGRlBgYx8oHbsK5qdJKd2zB4apBp3R1P8AwU0Z5vid4F1BzbnOnzRN5RUkYn3BW2kjhWH5mu8+IUPiS9/ZL1DXotSNlaTaTavPZ2sxdJIGARo+X4TLK23bkEd6+ZP2mtY/ta30CQ281v8AZ5JBtaFY0AdVbA2+mMY+tdp4ksbnw/8AA95L0w6gNT06D7Is0gE1oDs3NhSQw2hcHPRiCARXpS5W4yfRnDVbp6N6nsn7OuueJtD+PniCCK93X99o1ndvexYCX8SN5UssqkkAxgMFbjpkDBr6B0TxZ8Qte02YR2Nhd/amkiMg1CKRmjcMuVKthNp/unksemK+AIbueLxp4SvLWO4BvtGe0DW67mkaNlYAAd8kn6V6HN4i1zTNkU/9rWows4h8vacAcNgHpzXHCaajKy13/LT7jsw6nOF0kX/2aPC/izXvhtrmkaDYSTW+j+ILu1G2+EKqwZWK9QScZGc88V9Iw+CdbXR9Ok1OGK0J86O4S4vvLdXkwi85KkFVUAA5zXxX8K4/EenWPiAaZFqi6bPrcyI9uTiSU4ODg53Y2n3zXVX8fivUoXSK7ug9ncQu0lwDKIXLEKfLJyTw3Y4rvxGPlGn7Nu6WyMVRVP34RXNvu7n2bpejp4Ps7m71Cyt49PtVEckl7M6mTDjEn3mwxOD2JbbnvVuzh+GsOlG8mijk3sRLHLuaIsB1AHGD175PWvjK4vPF99dDTJp7y4uZkM4gLgxuFUsdu8jIG04z6CubuvEGvajbWFgjXklrcXCrGoiU5YY5GOflz2OOMVwzrKrTvDodVNzjB1Fu/M+n/Cvj6Ky+PHxK03w3pG6PxFbaZapLCTut7prd18xWZdoGUzk8fL36Vc+MfhXx18Tvg7400rUdCvbzxbFrVjPa2v2ZEleBJJF3LtGChUlhzyOeOlfM9j8QPF/hbWNR8Rfa77+3plhtn1ALH56xW+Y0wCvABbr1OevBr0+T4nfFePTdQ0fUL3W0nbbcLbzLCFuMt8+0/wDLRyXGFUk9fQ0qVb3uddDWDUoSTW+mvqnoaf7PPwl+InhrVNVi1bw7dQ281uqyxeYJplffuBMYJK9+3pUPxk8G6lLH4r8fWevWenJY6BPZXmmsIjJcQxRsGiO9sqxPouQQMV53Z/EzXNFvpTDNPa3Z+/JHbRK0gJxjdj5hketYmsW9t4y8P6/Jd2yRq6zRvJJapE+duXbgdcn73Wq9upVHUT1eh1RnGWHWGSTSbe/+Vj1T4teJNV8Rfsp/CE6rNBNNJJp8n7uIq5YWrLl2JOcjHpXP3WlNNqzyjaqLG2WBO7OeB6Yrg7vxprHiD4T+BbC5vLi60aye0t7ZZlQRgqmAqEfMQvzfTPuK9SurZmn1ORAzvG3krtc9cg5IzjoTXTSqc8pM46kVGMUigm1baOJ3+bco+Y8nJpRH++jXqu7JpIUkuAkhkPyj51Tap+nQ5/A0kljDug3qhRSSiygq2R7k10mBw/iLTJPEXxAtLGO3a4kg0y4uUEZwcjLZ69tuar23hrxZrXheQaN4ba+0hJGibUsTStGoBMi9cK4JGDj8KvaheajYfF7S5NLeRLx7B4g0P3grBwxH4f4V1Wl+OfFPgnwpKmjwazY6cySzjypUCxsY95EvOVYAjhue3bFeY8TOniHBRvFav16fqayoxruMXKyS/wCGPmP4N6XrmsJr17pOn3WqyWkgQxxwtONrK4C7QD0J3V3Gh+Fdb0WRP7W02+09bu7gdVvIXjBfecqoYDoCPzp37K/izVfB/hPXrrS7+4sTqGppBLJaybWXbHndgEEn5zjtkc9K9P8AGXijW/Et/o1trU+qSPY6gEjXU5fMYYxkryeMjr3x7V0rGN1Hh0jldGDjz31R0+rq2seE/hH4bsjbQ6hr3ji61Mi5haeKMW5LK7xjlo8jDLkZ46V8s/tOatd3HxL8XW9/NDc6gdame4ntozHFK21QSqkkqMg4BJxXrTXmp3Hxe8I2lpcvv0nQpL2MpdeXseckEjn5SdxBHfg188fEq5n8QeOdQnmbE9zdO7mRix3E4JJ79KikkpnbXk/YL+tl/wAE+hf2H/h9aeIptavL/wC0pb29sqg2oUOXZs9WBGMKeOpzX0prXwP8LavpVzptzJr81neMXlj86P5gSp67c4yo49q+evgTZ3Ph3wEby3Di4eUhNshizjA+8OgyTXf/APCYeJ7c5e1uohjLl9UOEHOCeOhwa5q1T32rnp4OKjRXu3Lvi5o5vi/CyJ5a/aowqnsAigD9K7/xX4Lv3/aY8Va4t/JBZTSWrPaxL8s220iQFj2OQfwry3S5p9Q8caNNdoyXEkytIrybyDju3f616X8cta1y3+KmtW9hDMYoooGiX7a0Zk/dR5CKAecn9DXXKfs4x06HkUYe1r1G9NTIsfBOq6r8RbC4mu9QnsbfUrWRFgm/dx7XllcunUjiFMnpyK/UKvyL0vxlrusXrW6Qz/aNm+FG1Ni0wPA2cdzwM46Gv10rWnU9p0sPFQ5LahRRRWpwBRRRQAV+KWoWVuzvJLMZpFAljdmaXyi3yK6noUIBYg9Div2tr8atMuvDl5cbLO+SW4WRo4mukcxq2CG2oFIwPc4yD1rOVN1LWN6dZUU79TktUmjWzfy/K5YxiFMKduOF4yTxuZef4sVX+DPgO6uLi51bUdH1OK0hKS2l35KfZbghyGUrJ97gggjIGD3q9r2vaOum3DzvdQyMFjH2FIY495bClFKHbzg98Yq9c/Hi28I+F7O0uZ77WRFi2E8ieXJFFtAC5R8kfL7fSqjhUtZMmWMlLSMfvOP/AGldKhsfh/Db6ZJdy2Fnfpcym8Usxdwy71c/dyf4QAPrjNPXwve6p+z6+tL4gguJ7WyjaxsNgPkPxuVTz8528jGCfQ9a/wAYfiVaeL/hfrllCJoxPJb3GZGZ95jfjG85Uc9uePQms/4P/Eay8M+Do3lM1xNHbyxJb+SrhHLZ3plsZI65X/GtIwp6dUcEouavLV3J/glqOq2vxM0C8udQgEGn2ss5RpjGUbymBVtobLHLHbkfTivSPjX4w8V+N/AcraTqC2Vxp0y3K+dMzS3SMPL8tWK/7QOOvHWud0b4waXDDNNZ6fOj3CMG+1RI4jcgjcoKjPXPp+NZtv47ZtWtJ7iZ7m2hl3vbTQDypATlsqrDJOTWVOnGKSitNRe9F6aFv4AeJvEEepa1YzPayXF9tvBD5n2WAXAGyQoSv3gqICOnBI710Hxtg8czXthrNj4r0630y3Mdrd2to8gmiLuW3K6pl+y5Dcdqw7P4yW8viR7kaTeQOsjFomULEB0BG0AYI5AyenNZGseL59WuZGa48mInKxW0IjQZJ4Cg9qcqcJR5XqN3W513w58fXd54d1HTru3kn1O4huHuZpmOZI2fhQcbgwUrljjoc5zXFfEZvFtrqd9r1trgigv5lt3s7WchkJJZEjCHb8m3PO3gdDiuhh+K1jb3FiJLea2MUTB/ssREUjMADnA4BIHHuazfFfjx9cvg8UhtLZFVY7a1iEca4UDJweT7nms/ZxT5Uhe9FeXY7VvHCa8tpOi/ab7TrJ42utxicq/32KFCCdxJ+UZG7gjt5z4Tt/F3hfUPDutazrX9p6Tp9wVttPkkPB2A5UYOEyMEHr9elpviYNP0+yjInUKrRTiKIv8AaPn3qXJyQeAuAQOO1WNQ8fWWtSWIhhuNH8kMiRW6Io5dm3M24c89849ax9nzTemnn1J9612eufDfxdcTXV1ew6BHPpp3I6yoJYo5iC2VJXMYIZs4O0dx0pnj6/lsfDMNhLawWdreS3AKwyO2zK7SPmz8xDFgTk8muH8I/F+w0qxvtPnvdWkimdZB57ADcAVxwxHoe3SofGHxPsNUexit7vUFFujBtoVlyxzgHIzgD9av2aXu9DSPPGPMnqOvre1t/hT4W0y1hjaHSdUS1huSR5xBywDdM8HlgOwzXrF1HJ9sZVgU/MS7MBjk9eoOPavC4/FUGo2QtEuL64VbqO6MdxtCrsDAleTycj8q9Dk+MGnt85sLkEnp5qcVCnGnOSkepQhKdGLXmdYlvJJud5iwU4WNSQMfT0/wpRCvkncA6huNwyee4rg7z4xWkODBp0h4586cL+WAaqN8ZEOD/Zf5XP8A9jW3todzX2UkNv8AdefFqG3jiZ5YbEbQueTksM47c854rqvGXxAa38G6/FeQu12sdw0t1BCSkx8sgIX4Jw2eff0FcBovxMn0f4gTeIoUmshNZmzdInDZUgA5JHPTOBjp1rU+KXxnivvh/r2k2+pSTW09kyhkXYSzDDBhjjsOOoNc/LGo2+5y101NK5wX7Ofg1PEvw6FohuLa9u9UdoruykMcjBEVSrYBDqAWO0j+LtXr2vaHeTvptw07SGyhkdUks5vtM2Cw3MduMk9OgxivGP2ffEUngzR9C1eNJZJrWa8eOOOYorCYLG+R0JwgxXuE3xYs1025jjkYC6iMZSNNkkZOOS3QY56Zzk9K0soy5urOZ8z2POfsHiG18W6/qWj6hp0bTxWdkbNoy06pDGPnII2g79wxnJx0ryqz8E6t408b2lm0EsWoSXksZaWMxmRjJlmIbGAM5J6Aelez2fj8TX09i9hAI7eNfKmxiSVGLHEjD7xB4BPQEDtXXap4v0XRfDbWfiOw/wCEo0fUra2vo4538t7XEnJQjOGVlYZ4yM9mq07aomM5t2mtD0W7+Ht74b8CaXb6IPDTjSIma9jnunke/wBvOVYYC5OTjryPpXU+EptH8Rahp32DQdBJntg92s2qyGWzBUELJE33hzj5ScZ561w3w3t/AnjzUJbKbS5IdcWCRo7wyiNpEHzFVWMKm4DOMoTjjNR+IvB3gz4X+Ftf8RPq91rFzLJC8bapIr7CWCeXEqKoUMG6AdQDwea4+WUazn0a2OqLqPWMnYwPE0CwfGyayjESwxagQFtmJhUeik9q+o/Hnh/Uf3l7onhnw/r9zF5Zihv5RFOygY/1jDBI5xnGfWvH7f4d+C4dWttQtLuXT5bVo5n+0Sb4tu3LBixzkY5OeprifG3xc+H+sX174il1XxxJbX0n7mSwLpbxqp2BYwFwq5HQ11OpGU0y6dOpFN92d38RdN8V6PptoukeGvCulC7Ekk7LbK08Ko/zbUZfmBwhypyAw4r9Mq/Crxh4gsvFg0qXRdW8VavFLM1vB/bkqqBuG18BcZzkDkYr91a1jUjNtR6GUubqFFFFaEBRRRQAV+CVnZTaPdI9vrcF+8cpYCCJsAHJILHjuelfvbX4N6bppWEySMsMY6bvvMfRR3/lUSm4Wsa04qW5Rk8P6vrmnz+XcWUCxSAqbu5WLeQc4Gfb+dZ1xoGoQKSbzT3K9o7tWJrbaRZrwRyoqJ90Q4z+fv8AWuf1bQ4pGLWyrbyhsq68EfjjioeIa6HyOb5hXy/FRpRa5ZK6bXya3Oe8RRzNpF9HKeDC3GOTgdfpXE+F9UW0iBlEzKWIPlTIigcYyCCc+9dpdaDJJJJNcSNK4haMF23YBz7Cua8EeHNN1bw3r091B511axF4m3EbflODwfUUe25ldm2FzVTpSqVNbOK083budBDrbrbyTfbbDy1BZY5ZwJSOwx3P5VIfFMUY/wCQjp+cZwJ+Rx06da9N+HfwR8Ha9HDb32jiWe60qSRJVnkDJLsUhwA3zEFs46e1c74I+B9t4m8DaPrP9hBlmtwJZWnYMzqxR2IyMfMp4xxmsVio8zj2PocFL65h44iGzct/7rszk18YIWKm9sxgZ3GYYP8A9epF8VW7c/2pYD/tqT/StCP4Q20fxG/sWXTYxFLp/wBpig+0HG5X2sd2ea6Y/AS1MjL/AGLDxxn7Yf8A4qrlWUTqVO/VHFx+JrVuDrOmoPeRj/JaP+Egs+T/AG7pgPpvb/4mu1P7PcQCn+yIcE/Mv2tsge3zVem/Z50VIF26azTtwqtOQvX1Dk9Kj6xHqP2a7o82j8SWskxQ6vp8agf6xpflPP0zVgappr9fEujr9ZX/APia7f8A4Z0sU1q0ik0l202RGLyiZgynHGfmOB7jOc1fj/Zl0Z3+axt9n+3LMSR+DUOvHzGqa62POv7Q0ocnxNpHr/rX/wDiaauqaV84PiTSV2nA3TN83HUfL/OvUrn9mPwuIf3WmKZN2S0k8o4x0xu+tRaP+y34dja6GoWUcu6cNAFllXbHgcHnrnPrR7dd2HIr9Dzaz1TSpo0d/Eml2+5clZJjuX2IAxn8avedp3/LLxNpkvOOJcfzrc+F/wCz/wCHNe0XUbnWNKYzW+oXFpsaWSNk2OAAcN6H0711Fx+y34VVyY9MZVOcKZpCQfz5+lJ1o3auCjp0PMLrU4I2KLrNlKw7JMP8aojXB5RaO6ilcMB5azpkg9Tyegr0i8/Zi0kQsLezVJMHaXeXaD2yM1x/i34Dw+EdL0qSVIZp7nUYLVmj38h2I6E8cVSqJkWGboWwDrVqP+2q/wCNcd431JrdLu0t5FuoJEB+0LMGB5B6D6dDXuP/AAzl4Xjkd5LSZYQQMqshxz3O7/Oa5r4s/CLwt4R+Gt/qukwt9ujuYUSYuxIUkK64JwPvDqKzVZKS31LcOZaW0Jvhv4XmuvhxpN3PqDWtqtrLPHGEBzmd1ABJHVhWvpnhea/awDX3ki6uDBk4IXBXJ69g2fwq98KtFm1j4W6RC7SBdsZAUg/KoJwM9OWJ+tdFaeH2tF062nDxRvcTqXk25xhtrdcDhQfyri9pVdTfS/4HTGEOS/U4nwd4ZfxBcalM9+LJodMlvc/LIGEa5CZBHLFhz2rz/U/HGo6w2jhoIljmxD5SszEIjEY5OMnGT05NfQWg/D9PDul+IBM7ySro8sAj2bOTsGevAHXivLvAvwq/4SnRdB1sSyReUp/coi7XIPU10U6jcpX2ViZwVo8ppfCvVLuH4h2Uv2iRBbu0xO7ACqCTk/QU+3hbxVdedqUzXcccvnxRTSsyq27Knb0JHv6VZ+FFi914o1ZkjDtHY3Hyt05BU/zrqNJ8InSVKRQeb/10fn9KutfZFUJR3kXNMNzcSss00jq5wSzevfnvXVaTpq6TClpEv2eKD5AnYY69KzNLiFvcRme1jVNwLfvTn64xzXTQx2k8gzIxJbJO4g153s5Od32PUjWjGNkeQaVZi6+JlhZpHHHb2k1xcHC/KPnc9P8Avn9K/cWvw4028i8Ot4x8QzDzv7J0t3iG7nzHY7QfUZxX7j12ZfG0ZS7njYpp2+YUUUV6xwhRRRQAV+EPmNHnyUbzGHzHq2fr/hX7vV+G2n6ePMZxOZ5QcKqnaFHTHH589Kwqpuxcaip7mJZ+HppbhpJ90IJyq4yWz/KsjUmeC6ZM5AJBzXrdhpPyqrKOPck/rXLxfDHWPG3ji/0zS0iijhHnz3d0+yG3jIBy7e5PAHJrJ03LRK7Z8ZxHRliPZTiru7X3/wDDHn0KtczeXhpGb+EL2/CuP+GWn6hdReL9LsrC4ubvyGUQxRM7htxUKQBxycc19jJoun/C/RZ9B8MA6rr9xAhu7mOWNjPuOAQpOEXOQBkHjPJr5f8AhjLrXhz41+LLCPUreHUZBcx3EjysI5WJ3H5gD0LE5x611xwvK1GT3t0M8Hljp0ZwqS1lyu3azuez2dvrngXw+ly2nyLqEVgYwsbLMbdFRd8kgUnHK8DI6Hms74J/ECa8sz4d1j7M0m+ee5vmYxqzFs8Z6tkgYHy/KxBJrzuLxV4s1TWINPvY9Qtby2ZBNN9meBZYw3V2DbXTngBQGz0rpfEPhe/XQ72TTprSC6uQZF+y27xSSHcN2GOAB1yc+uKx+qRndtW1PpsL/sdKNGGiV7fN3f4s6Lx9qK6B47t7zY76Wunqbee0SOZzM0jAk7mXaoB29eS3Q16H4f1DTrvQIbubUbG4vZYTL5PmBVVsZCHnjsDnPfnFfPXhWbxbqEI0uaC4SzRXtxHfqSZCXyRjlm5/vE10PiP4O+IfEs9vYWerWtpcJbyPLb3cEiwlsBkAdCVzwQC2ApznvWMcPCDc56Xf39vvOj2ji/NnT/DX4zX3ijVNMt9X0uz0q3mZknn2MqEBGbchLEYztHJ9fWup+LHj6Pwva6N/YE1neS3U7JIkZSSQKAMYB4GScdCT29a8j8L+GL7TdHtrZbwtdYxtFuX567R8+TyTXLeJPhP4o1DxRfXjQyNbJ5LtJNGpUbxxs5JTAyxxjgdelbyoQ5XfqHO3oz6V+E/irSLzwjHd6zqdvaXRuZ1aGU7Siq5A4GeOvPA4HArkdM+I2vwePjY3b2cOh/2mUM7xeWpgOSQcfN93awZSeSM9TXLz+E7zU9IligkupY3jMZb5OgHPI5HHf61HovhOfT4YJ76a/NlDH5EIkvEfy1O0rsHzYXHc4zx6VzSoxi4QjbQOb8D0r41ePtMTRbeLw+66ld3M/kSWcO8b4zjChgp53AHHU46jmtP4U+J7P/hDbabxbeJbams8iGOaPDqinC52qM45GcZOOaxPBN5/ZtnqH2ES3ljhWma5WOeON+ikKQo3cnvn9TUfie8tbya2n1SyeBpIsRNDN5cbqGJJCjIzk88555rT6uvacyj03Dn5Xczfh3qHiZdetpb29s4fDYvLmSR1sWWW+iycuxKZLAAcqABj5j2rQ+NnxHn0jT7M+Dbo3kkgkW6hhgyyKAGEu5kbgAMuMfxA5GK1B4ivobfT9QliaW0mDx287gGQkKEZhJndx0yeMjvjjn7G8h8H6tJ96OYIVZbidmzGw5HGAVYd+QetEMNGN9B+0srI7X4f+MNKt/A2nP4mlkh1IZWTdDI5XJyqswXlsfWvJVbxn40v9CTVdEnn0pdRTUIbpwfKmEc21mUqq7dgzhcHPHJ616/daDPMsOmzwQ3KzD7VAizSEbto+XdGNrPtIOc4APUVi2ep2iXVvoxuYrBEvPLJMhmWIk7XwCx5JC98fzqHTUUtNTRczVuxU+LnjLVbO+0qHwX56MHla9Wa2YFgoUonKnr8xwOSQAK4T9oG8vE+Ass1/dxz6nd6pGk0MaKPIi3MyI2Oh+ReozXrdzaIL6+v57oJLFum88uzpKQeud2OTjGB1I6V4X+0xrkU/gGSL7atxLdaikxjRB94ByzluuTnFLljzxZfvbntPwl8B2ln8MtEdblGWTT4LtvmGVDxpnP0YnjtWlqfhONPEGiWrS+ctwt0drKJFKiPa2R/wLvWX4T1QaX4D0q0uo01SztdJEUlvBERIXMZ2KNvJzhR19a5E/HyxtfiZoivok8FsiXFs0Luwd5HKjqxOwDHJx+FRT5Ki5qb3uVKtypc2x3N94dvfBegagHSTWdH+yvGGUFruyXbwFGf3sQIHB+ZccZAxXO/ArSEb4M2dzMAqIly248YCluf0r2TVLiyuvCuo6jaTiWzFnKzMpBMf7tuG9D/ADrzL4bQiz/Zo0+7A3f8SmZmUepZx/Wq5N7rW5upPRpnE/s+6YNQ1rWnYcfZlXP1bpXtTeGLdhtIXFeafsz2J8nXrjbnLpHn9a9mv7iz0uxub+9uVtbK0jae4mkOFSNRlifoKK0eaYoStEwl8Kwrw0anHTipP+EVt9uQrKe20kGvGLD9ozxH4dv47jxXos6+GdQlZtN1NrbyfMhJzGxAyFJUg7W5r2fQfG1l4sskutFvoLtcZMeRuH4Vawsmrpj9snocX44+D9rqnw58TaLoUK22o6lASsrucySA7lV2J6HG32zX691+WV/r99HIyhvIZeCpUAg1+ptdFOi6KszKpLmsFFFFamIUUUUAFfjHpmjhiEht2LYz0GB7mv2cr8pf7NtfCKK91NZS3gUtJBLOoSHHOX5+bHp0pqnKo9EZzaW5lWuhwWVlLeXF1biOOPzDDnL4ABLbeuB68CuTv9QtJtWuY9I8UJb/ANpJDFKPsv3mBIXpJ0wa2/EGpweKIYZ9Q1GK1sd2CYiHnYMhwoA+6Pbt6VwMGjfDW11mSBJL4S2oRvP8xxluuMbuo4/P2rrhF03flOWcY1LXeq1GX2r+EvBF42q3Wo3TavI0MU15JeBIzsJUOIcHaOTxk9RXj+l+JLKw/aAvNR0Yx6lbzp/osk7I6MzQgbnwAGUHORjt61W+IWl2mj+NrwWF99s0+8eMxXFxE2/k52thgDtI6ZIxj6VycFulh8QtK81poIrgI0sioA/JKllXgDgcD9ayqVXOXJa1jaENLs+k9X1iPWI31DVdWvwyQqJGhdNiBE6KCpIGATiubvPiZd+IdeE2i2VldaUI40j1ETfLEy7QzEAghzg5QAL82cdK4Xxpb2Md9ZQ6FeXCyTBVmuL7Kl8kgqoU7QBkHpk56mtf4fR6NFpbLrdprF3FlRbx2EsduqqBySCp3EnnNZ1KnPL2cloKMOr2O3uNb0GPUBNqd9P513PxJcX6wh3Y84wv8qxbnXPFF34guyPFEV/Zrdf6REJ2wkK4KRrnkkjrgAD65rE8ZNpMlzpyaNod2lqiTNcSalEt5Kp+VlKFQCoAUng9QKi8K2kP+lXmq6ddalLclSk0Nz9mIGMnI2nPJ6+3fNc1WU6k1B2ste5ajLfodzB4g0nQJo75N9nNAcxzTX7MobBHK7fmGD07jNYem+LtQjvtStLhbMSqGillsCyMVYfdXP3CFOGIznOMjFYnjTS7a9sLd9GsNQ0q7gZpHmkuftIK7egXYCDnByPSo/C+j/Zyst/YzakWgGWkuGh3SFtzNxzjBxjj1ondySbv1QezZ1mm69FocLJptvax6hdg28Ml27TM7EcKEJ2lsDjjPpzVjw94/uPFnhO5bWbIPAt0oVZjJENwTGVPyswIY8dq5nxZZQappsSWGg/2fPDOkxktruSR3UZyo3tgE56jB4p3hPR4Y4YbjUbUTiSSXzIZJZFYEtgP8pHOPQ89x3rKUUqvO3f9C40+p3fh37VqFre2Phqy02CEGO6vIbzzJYJEQkLuBJI5b+Hr0PFbElr9n8LrPqUeiayllIfMkjtmhSEyPwiKTyM/j+A4yPCPiK18C6895punLtZGiaZZZDJsbGRh2I6gce1dR4t8Y6LfaBDp9vbxX9rIwle0uYtkcbjkMNrcnJbv3Nb8+qK5HYxtN1LXvElrNpHhRLC3s40M1zbNCDBEpYAysWPy4JHfmtLxPpN1Hp6a7rei2l/HIiCTUwBICfuqWKNhc446DketY/hHxVY+E9V+1waLYIkkZhmWJWy6HBwQzEHkA4I6itPxJ8QQ9vLaWC2dzYXGGmt7i2DKzZDZIPuB8vQEfSjS47eRzOmte65rkclhr/2LTrNVlaziU70jXgrHhh8uDk5445OOK6TU7+H7Dd3cMGmwi3QSSgWMaNGpYBXBC8E5U4zkZ71haX42Ol3qT/2ToyYBVmtrJIn2kYIDAZrc8Q/EbTNWs4rZLWGeNcDF3AjKNowCVIOW5PzdgcVzWn7S9/d/UfK2Zfwn0e61jXLy3j8TfboEtzM9rfRB1EYbsoBLkFhnjvntXJ/tRST3HgvRlM1vPaLqTRo0MIiyfLPUbQcdfyrqdL8SQ6TqEV9YwafaXCZHmQ26RttIwwyoBGRXA/tIeNm8U2vhyziuZpoI72R1hfhVJ2gYGTzyefetFvaxTu9z13wLeSto+o6fba3P9thsofs1qv3kKoq5iGeCSdxwcnd0616Dps1vfaXe6ne6Wl5qENthXa0DNulZQ4GBk7lzkH69q85HjC4stQV/tFu6qoV4xGoDqQMrkDI/A8Yq7qXxFWazaG0kezDRGN5PtBZmG3HHTb+FYtvoU4yb2O68E+ILbw/NKdQ0K5Xw+scq6iJbZgr24Db1bI6YyMdcVjw6lZaf+zejaeGisJI5YbVWBJWFrh9gOefuVh+D/Eh8RadZW+sX8k0d7avFcea55+RhuIzz0B981zt01zq2l/2Zb6lex6XGi+Xa28GYE68YA9efxqk725mWlZWSO/8A2Z7eP/hEdRnC7zNdc89gOK0vj8sl94QsPDFsrJceJ9UttKwvUwl9859ceWjfnzwau/Bvw7ceFvCSW10DHNJIZSCMHB6ZHas3xZpNr8TvjRo2hanc3C6X4d0iXUZPsty9u4uJ3EcQDoQRhEc9jg9wad+aVx2srHb654X0/XtPexubMz2MkfkG12koyAYCleQcDp3FfNvxG+AOt/D+SfxD8Nr+6+zQgyy6Q8pM0ajkmJj98dTtPPpmveYvht4c0lm+zjUZ+fv3Op3Mn5Zfiq9x8O/DtwxL2DSZ67rqb/4urjNwd0yJRUtz5j8H/thaiqrYeI9LTVww2+ZGu2X8R3r98K/Bdvh94ak8Uap4UTR7WTUpPGa20V38xeKy8vz5kHzfdCgLk5+8fWv3orp5+Yy12YUUUUCCiiigAr8Qde8BeK9Y+1g6tZyeaCBJKXDEH1ABr9vq/I23ztQvtLkc7c4z7VcZSWiM59Dx288BeMNOsVRDBqO+bdstpMFcqBk7sccfrWKvw38Yy6nLKdMQCRVBZ5064+vPSvf2Ypk01nz/ALWRVtyla72MovlPED8JfF0owI7E45wbkcfpXkvxe8I6n4L8VeHn1Zo45bpCFa3cSbVWQDPbn5jxX2Y1x5a8cmvnT9ryGWSx8I3hGYkuJ4i4xnJVCB+Sn8qJJ2bKjJ81g8FeDdQ8XaGuowapYQxCYpGmogRPJtOC4ALY5HGRXURfDLW8HGsaIvpm5Iz+lZkf7KelXVtDO3ifVl81FfGyI4yAcdO2aE/ZJ0Z8l/FGrqemDHFn+VEaTS2G6nmO8YeGdS8E6Tb39zrWk3STXcVp5dnMXdDIcB2GBhB3NX08IbJDHceNNAiPZ45g6k+mciuO+JX7OWmeB/Bd1rFjr+pXUsU0MbRzhFVleRUP3R15z+Fd5H+yn4OjVUl1DWWyM4+1oOfX7lDhrsP2mm5EPBcLAH/hO9DA9Q4/+Kp1v4Ehnk+fx5oqpnswyf8Ax6lb9lfwapyL/Wgnf/S1/wDiKZ/wy/4J3YOoa4Pf7Yv/AMRUuPkNT8zQHw50d9x/4WBYcfdAMWfxHmUyX4eaNCuX8f2QHoPLJx+ElZk/7MfgqEsv27Wyo/i+1L/8RUUf7M/geTn7XrUjY5H2tQP0Ss3EpS8zX/4RfwTGMSeOW3DglSmM/wDfNMPhfwIyk/8ACesD25T/AOJptr+zn4Aij+a11Cb/AGpNQkB/Qiopv2e/h7uyNPvT6f8AEwl6/nWbL5jRg0D4bQwqLnxa8r/3/tapn8AtVdQ8P+AWntzZ+J4xBuPmtNfAnH+zhfrVOP8AZ88Bcq2nXgx2+3y/40sn7PPgHd/x4Xben+ny/wCNZteZSkWLPQfh5Lq5WbX8Wachn1FMSfgFyPzrL8QWvgWPxv4Qt7DULeTQppboavLFdOVjUJ+5yzcrlvTrWlD+zv8AD5lI/su73BeC2oygZ9Otcf4i+EPg3TfiF4M0W2s50hvjcHUI1vpJDtWMFMMeV59Ouai/maXv0PUp9J+DVtKMaxZyJtX72ozEA984IPH1r558dabpkHxb03S9J1iHX9HfUoGguUJ8oxyOh8vHUbeVPJJxnPNfRmm/sw/Di4gYrp98ZNiuN2oykHPtn1ry7xx4G8M+Bfjp8NNN0axe3SS5jmu45Zml3/vgEOWPHCmuONRKTabd7+isc7fJJxdz6i034W+DLjSba7m8PW7u8YLvukJ5/i+90rU034Y+DbG6Yv4dsZIHQo3mRlwueM8k/n2603SdTtrSztrWRJEVUChmOCR2OP1/GprbUbQ3DKGVwByFUjqO/NfNutVvq2cs6upu6P8ADfwr4c8i/wBE0O3tru1Xamzc7YIxldzH1rS1jTXvrc3unRjzhzcQqwXt97Hr6j/69Zem69Gtx5Ma4+XICk7sZ9CelbvhDW0vP9LtrZjZM/ySEj94o6n6E9Pb61vRqVHPnSbMo1JKfNE40m5Xd+4cleT5eHP5A1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        <id type="internal" advice="ignore">444</id>
        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.070102</id>
        <title locale="en_US">Allelopathic effects of Juglans regia leaf extract on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rye (Secale cereale)</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;This investigation was conducted to study the allelopathic effects of &lt;em&gt;Juglans regia&lt;/em&gt; (Walnut) leaf extract on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (&lt;em&gt;Triticum aestivum&lt;/em&gt;) and rye (&lt;em&gt;Secale cereale&lt;/em&gt;). For this &lt;em&gt;J.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;regia &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract was selected to analyze its allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat and rye seeds. Applied seeds was treated with &lt;em&gt;J. regia&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract using 2%, 4% and 6% concentrations. Different parameters i.e., seed germination, seedling growth, mortality percentage, fresh and dry weight of plumule and radicle was observed after the experiments. The higher seed germination percentage (50%) was recorded at 2% level, in both the applied seeds, which is followed by 4% in comparison to control. Almost higher concentration showed deleterious effects than the lower doses on germination percentage and seedling growth. The highest mortality percentage (70%) has been recorded at 4% level in wheat and 6% level in both wheat and rye seeds. Therefore, the results indicated that the growing weeds in high quantity between crops can affect the productivity rate of crops due to its allelopathic effects. The allelopathic compounds can be used as natural herbicides and other pesticides; they are less disruptive of the global ecosystem than are synthetic agrochemicals.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Agrochemicals Allelopathic</keyword>
          <keyword>Concentration</keyword>
          <keyword>Mortality</keyword>
          <keyword>Seedling</keyword>
        </keywords>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="2" id="1527">
            <givenname locale="en_US">P.S.</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Chauhan</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Botany, V.S.K.C. Govt. P.G. College Dakpather, Dehradun, (Uttarakhand), INDIA</affiliation>
            <country>IN</country>
            <email>drpschauhan17@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">G.K.</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Dhingra</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Botany, Pt. L.M.S., Sri Dev Suman University, Campus Rishikesh, Dehradun, (Uttarakhand), INDIA</affiliation>
            <country>IN</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="2" id="1529">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Sameena</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Kousar</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Botany, V.S.K.C. Govt. P.G. College Dakpather, Dehradun, (Uttarakhand), INDIA</affiliation>
            <country>IN</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
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        <citations>
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        <title locale="en_US">Reproductive potential and histological profiling of the wild female anadromous shad (Tenualosa ilisha) in lower Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Hilsha shad (&lt;em&gt;Tenualosa ilisha&lt;/em&gt;, Hamilton 1822) is the most commercially important and national fish of Bangladesh, belongs to the family of Clupeidae of the Clupeiformes. The study was conducted to identify the seasonal gonadal cycles through histological study and the peak breeding season combining histological and Gonado Somatic Index (GSI). One hundred and twenty fish samples with an average weight of 756.75±6.25 g was collected from the Tentulia river for the study throughout the year. Monthly mean GSI values of females ranged from 6.36±0.69 to 15.02±1.33. The lowest mean GSI value was found in December and the highest GSI value was in October. From the histological observation of the ovary, early perinucleolar stage, late perinucleolar stage, yolk vesicle stage, yolk granule stage, pre-mature and mature stages were identified. The highest percentage (75%) of mature oocytes and peak breeding season were observed in October and the breeding season continues from October to November. These results will be helpful for fishery managers to impose adequate regulations for sustainable fishery management in Bangladesh.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Estuary</keyword>
          <keyword>Hilsha</keyword>
          <keyword>Lower Meghna</keyword>
          <keyword>Oogenesis</keyword>
          <keyword>Tentulia river</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Mousumi</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Akhter</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Sub-Station, Khepupara, Patuakhali - 8650, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>mousumiakhter.fs@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Bimal Chandra</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Das</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">District Fisheries Office, Department of Fisheries, Barishal, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Abu Bakker Siddique</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Khan</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Sub-Station, Khepupara, Patuakhali - 8650, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Rahamat</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Ullah</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Sub-Station, Khepupara, Patuakhali - 8650, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Harunur</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Rashid</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2201, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
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    <article xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" date_submitted="2022-02-17" status="3" submission_progress="0" current_publication_id="424" stage="production">
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      <publication xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" version="1" status="3" primary_contact_id="1485" url_path="07-01-014" seq="14" date_published="2022-03-25" section_ref="ART" access_status="0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
        <id type="internal" advice="ignore">424</id>
        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.0701014</id>
        <title locale="en_US">Reduction in use of herbicides by combining aqueous extract of grass pea for weed management and yield of wheat</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Nowadays, the increasing costs in the agricultural sector, increasing public concern about the widespread use of herbicides and the development non-chemical methods of weed control programs are alerting management. In this regard, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of grass pea residues on weed management and crop performance of wheat. The experiment was comprised of three varieties of wheat viz., BARI Gom-30, BARI Gom-31, BARI Gom-32 and six different levels of treatments such as no weeding, recommended dose of herbicide, aqueous extraction of grass pea, 90% recommended dose + aqueous extraction of grass pea,80% recommended dose + aqueous extraction of grass pea, 70% recommended dose +aqueous extraction of grass pea, 60% recommended dose + aqueous extraction of grass pea. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Weed population, weed dry weight and weed control efficacy were significantly influenced by aqueous extract of grass pea crop residues and varieties. The highest numbers of tillers hill&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, numbers of grains spike&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, 1000 grain weight and grain yield were observed where recommended dose of herbicide was used followed by the application of 90% recommended dose +aqueous extraction of grass pea. BARI Gom-31along with 90% recommended dose +aqueous extraction of grass pea produced the highest grain and straw yield among the treatment combination. Therefore, aqueous extract of grass pea crop residues might be used as an alternative way for weed management in effective and sustainable crop production.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Grain yield</keyword>
          <keyword>Harvest index (%)</keyword>
          <keyword>Percent control efficacy</keyword>
          <keyword>Weed population</keyword>
          <keyword>Wheat varieties</keyword>
        </keywords>
        <authors xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="14" id="1482">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Uttam Kumer</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Sarker</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>uttam@bau.edu.bd</email>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="14" id="1483">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Salahuddin</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Kaysar</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>kaysar29@gmail.com</email>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="14" id="1484">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Jasmin </givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Nahar</familyname>
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      <publication xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" version="1" status="3" primary_contact_id="1481" url_path="07-01-013" seq="13" date_published="2022-03-25" section_ref="ART" access_status="0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
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        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.0701013</id>
        <title locale="en_US">First record of the Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus) from Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;This is the first occurrence report of Great Crested Grebe (&lt;em&gt;Podiceps cristatus)&lt;/em&gt; from Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India.  A Great Crested Grebe was observed at a river in the Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary, while conducting the annual biodiversity survey within the Sundarban Tiger Reserve in November 2020. The species is a winter migrant to mostly man-made reservoirs at the northern districts of the state, and compared to the previous records, this is the southernmost occurrence report from West Bengal. The discovery of &lt;em&gt;Podiceps cristatus&lt;/em&gt; at an undisturbed and favorable habitat inside a well-protected mangrove ecosystem within the Sundarban Tiger Reserve may prove significantly informative for the possible range extension and future conservation approaches of the species.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Biosphere reserve</keyword>
          <keyword>Geographical distribution</keyword>
          <keyword>Great crested grebe</keyword>
          <keyword>Mangrove</keyword>
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WtuPkiwBnKoP8ACsObWNAs5NksXlvnG54QaBn17/wvX4bf9FC8K/8Ag6tv/i6P+F6fDb/ooXhX/wAHVt/8XXydHJpd0nmQmOcsOFCgf0qleTeVIFj02NlBGZODj9KBH3XpOrWOvabb6hpl7b6jYXC74bq0lWWKRfVWUkEe4NW68i/ZJ/5N18E8bf8ARZOP+20leu0AFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABXlf7VX/Js/xU/7FnUf/Sd69Uryv9qr/k2f4qf9izqP/pO9AHpmn/8AHjbf9c1/kK86+MbuV0pOfKJlz/dLfLgH8M/rXoun/wDHjbf9c1/kK8a+LmoS/wDCUyRqrT28NsqusZXKtlmPBPPBHTmvleJq0aWWVFJ25rL8b/oeRm0lHCSTdr2X4nnt5DHJpv2G7t3aFlMUjKN0YVgQT7jnG30rnb74S6BHo8T3GhRpJJKGimnaZEOGwJBk8AjHTOMitnw/4jupLyLTdXaN9S8sTW9yse2C9i65QE/eUYDJnjr06d34q1bUPEUZ1DSp2uruCy/0nwxdKfs1z5YYl7Z15ilAzwOGAwRX5bluDhiXOlHEcs94rZS/H8Fr5dD5HC0oVG6aqWlul3/rsvuPKdF8F6R4fvrW8stMaxkj+Y3McLfICCDkktuY5xnoBWd+1FceLvBPh7wt4Yhhtm0iWCS7vra3jVHvpllYDEgABKp5ZCkc55PANc5N8ftTMhFh4e0+zhL5DOZZVHOCQS21/wAVA4xjnnd8KfH26vNPfSPHumReONFaZpQLxQs8J3HmNyOQAehwR0BA4r7PJcJUwMascTUu5211a0vve3c9jCx9jGcKkvitrr07nnXwZ1Ndat9RjsJXvVjgaeDT4htnuJ0IHlpu5jkCyPu2gvtVgvOCMHV7iS91iW6ukVJmeWSWPy9oVi3IC9uTjHbGK9x8Qfst6F44vY9e+FeuRWN8VWW98O6lOBMqt8yhsEshwQVLDI4wxHFfQXg34I+GriytL3xDpNlrfiG3j+y3GoTW5VpXRRGzMCfnb5T+8PJzmvp1g6lT3L2S6npRwk6nut2S67kHwC8GjwboOh2HlKksGln7S2TvFxLIs0iMOg2h1A/H0q54nOl/8Kd+KI0qS/kRbfVvtH9oNKSs/kuXEfmciPJ+UL8vpXpdrptvZy+ZFGEPliIY6BQScfma474nfbf+FO+OxqHkGb+yNR2m3ztMflSeXnPRtu3PbOcV78I8sVFdD2klFJLobnhvWtPXQ9MgN/bCZYIIjH5y7g7INq4z1PYd6+O/GF00PxB8bDz4ol/t65JDN83ROw5r6p8K/C/wnDpukXyaBZLcrHbXCsI+FkjUGNlXoCpJIwOMnFfLnifQkvviJ42ufs8byf27cqJHb0EfGKsZx19rsMMjGO2vLpuzKMD9TU1n4weTMdxptxEnrtz+eK6BfDt35gLz2yRf881hJP5k1cbS41wGhL8fw4FFmBl2S2+obTEkQyckSRnJ/Ote100R/dRR77cD9Klt9PjZf+PbBHZs/wCNOlhaI7grKv8AvAAUAMZoof8AXXKKc/cDYp8dyh/5attbpsyaha8i3BZjGGzx5mKnkYKpddnHaNCfyFAy5HGGUjMh/wB7ioZmS0yHn2+zEVmtqBaPdNLNEB13bV/Dika8iuYyIkkmPrHnd+eKBFbWLFdUwVmVSOx3EH8OBUVr4LiZQbqQSd/lULRc6Vc3SiUfaYpB0Pm8n69qsWlhfR7jJLPJ6Bn4/HNAF230OwhhCxKoCnOS279c1A+pWdneQRoplG8b2QgKvPuefwpTDqu5QPs0akYJZSx/oKs2ekyRtAqm3D7h/wAsRjr6ZoKPfP2VWDfs/wDhBl+6YZiPp58lesV5R+yspX4A+EQeSIZgcf8AXeSvV6CQooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAK8r/aq/5Nn+Kn/Ys6j/AOk716pXlf7VX/Js/wAVP+xZ1H/0negD0eO4W10eOZzhI4A7HGeAua+Eta/aIvbzUkuYNPjBkkaWdZ5C7zZP8OANn6+lfbHibXx4W8C3urbGle0sjKkaIzlnC/KNo5OTgV+cfxc8Hr4e+IGt6Wk80MtrJ5jrYytHDudFd1I6kKzFRz0FfM55g6WMhD2yuk9vM8XM6Ma0Y86uj0zV/iBoGr+HZJryCawupW863tbds3COJCEuI3wFVhhs+uMcg16N4e+JVloHwxvfGk0FxfkMdJtHuIhbrNcFD5kpAY7VAB6HrkCvmu2WVdHtNOMhuiEkuQ0wDSKpG5RvxnGAzbegDV6bZ+fJ+zNeQ30kaae/iGJtJC4EhkVSZ2IPVfT3z7V85g8owuHrKvC/uXavqk7f18zyKOFp05+0W8U2vU8sv7Wy8hDBATZ3DStvmXy3iRTkqS2MkKevTg+lZ/heZfEEzmydvs4iM0l20bFVRPvOxPQ9MYGGwAM5rS1rQYdY8Mm5upJtRSzumWTT8BY3DKoVnA5K7lxjpxyDkVteH4Tp63Vxc31rp9hGqieSSEvEAwKiPYMl9wB+XoAueMV60Urq/U0Su15mFb+KM+KobvS7u606exjFvHfedsmygwrMVGSRwDjIwOpr7f8A2f8AxRq/jDw7p+qard2t9fSM8c11bsZd6jco3Kp2xOQiZJHzbegJr4W1jR9M8aahJe2Uclt4fgMFqZtMjaFNQu8MWKBsFYVwq8gb89Mdf0J+F/gfTPhvHb6FaROFtY2SO5nSNWlZgrMAwILdCeFwNpHGMV7OCjJVG29D2cHGSlLXSx6RXl/i6Oxi+DfxM+waVeaSrWurNMl4rKZ5TFJvmTLHKOeQRgewr1CvOvHxuT8G/iF9p1WHV3Gn6qFkgRUESeXJthIUn5kGFJPJIycV7R6hF4b+Impi20mxHgrW/LL2lp9pKJsWN0+aZjnG1MDOCeoxnnHzl4mvtRtfHnjVbW3hmjOv3WPMcq2dsee2K+xfDX/IuaV/16Rf+gCvivx1p+qah468aJZ3j20H9vXWVjO052x/xUAJHqmq7cfZTGc/elIZfwK1ciudQbIkNrD3BDbi34VlW2j6n5Y36xeKe4aUEfyqw3h3zpBLLc3MjYx/rOD+VAF1dSuI2IVhK+ehBVR+OOfzqD7ZfNLgoqqf7qrkfiSaE0GJirET8dCWIx+Oa0IbGziXJGT065J/GgCrLePGo/d7pOuCo/8ArVE1/fSKHRIUXv5rY/kD/Oub8beLhpvk6b4XttOudfuZVTzdTJFtaRk/PNIQQSF/ugj69jT8G6P430u8m8QeJ/iBpuvadE6wSaJpemx28CrKdsMqt8zn58DluaxlWhBpSe5vGjOSbS2NjWIdfvpg1pZ6cYCOJtoeTj2PFXdHvtas4RHfQLMc43FdhH/fIwa3P7QlOQ9m0EY6mX5R+uKk3NdW4ktZrd4+nygsv0ypraxgV45rq7jwkccYxyy8t+RqRmuwgQK0jdyzqP6VTurW5kwkUc0W3+NMIpz+OadDb30ageZ+76MBgt+eTQMguNQ1ZTtbTljjHHmPcDH6ClW5fzIm/tBoHLAgRsrqOfcVQ1Dw/cTTmWKZ4yeTuJyT+eKfp+k6zFcw7dShmjDDMc0at+uc0hH0n+ynn/hn3wdlt58iXLev7+TmvWa8m/ZTz/wz94P3DDeRLnHr58les0wCiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigAryv9qr/AJNn+Kn/AGLOo/8ApO9eqV57+0LGsvwN8dI6h0bSLhWVhkEFCCCPSgBvxas7+7+HO6ySOSG28i8vY3Z1aS2hIlkjTaDlm2BcHjBNfAF1rk2teJjqt/Glzf3l79pcTZ2Ss77ipI/hJOMelfpH438T2Pgzw3canqAT7HG0cLKzBQfMkWPH/j36V+ZXj3TW+HPjXX7F2Y6bb6hPC0TZL2wEhAcdyhGCfTORxXh5lf3bHk46/unRak6TTeJbjSBdNFGVXzJfmkVHfY6swxgEkYz1UYPU10Hwh+MVzouzwhb+H9H8Zxm8WS30y+j8ySGZwEwjchS2BkEcda2vHF54K17wrpmnar4o1PWdNtm+0JLpE0c95f5RRmSTCpDCAPljJdySSSK3vgH4P0vwD8ZPEsKW/wDaEXhfTZ7u1hhjWN5G2oRhem/ZIR16nrXJCnJVYqEt/wBTmjTaqJRe/wCo34zeC9L8C+Lo7e3gt9Cl1bSFuTZCUvBbTtIBMqkAnbhTt4xnpjgDDuH0P4c6vZBri+vTc6fBfRTW7RtZ3yuM+XLG8YZE3KynhjjsM8V/2jtcuNY+LWpXxd0ga1tXsycECBoFdSOxGWY/XNL4whtvitoN9420y6e1udKtbaHVtHvIwiWkYURo9sy8GIkH5SAVJNOdueagtU/+HJlbnmoLVP8A4c4+9W8/0lkjjsZEicW9tarsghKuC4SMHkbSWGewz2FfTvwd8ZWusWekNayJFBeN5Su5/e2V+TvntM5+WOfDSRNngl074r5YvNd02yfSb2a6WG3WVICYEZjbuq7sZQHKsATuIzkkE9zW0H4oaF4f8VLPb2ty1qLhVkgmjmy6bsqQQgUMuQyNztYA1WHrOjO71T/q5rQrOlO/Rn6XaFra6pEUkU292g+aCXarkDGW2BmKjJxzzxXE+NY0j+DvxJCaCdADWeqsYz5f+kkwuTcfIT9888/N6irGhi+8Nw6dPrV9bwPt8ue9kwi3SphEmmcr8rshT5OBvGMkcHT+MH/JIvG3f/iR33/pO9fSHuszfCHhTxItrp9xd+LpbixZbadLaOzSIqqqMpkZ+VuhGPTGK+cvEEbP428bbWYZ1+6GRnj5Y/Svrzw2f+Kc0rn/AJdIv/QBXyVrUYfxl41yGx/wkF30+kdAjPks90ewzOi98EfN9T1pILRWUkSFwOPnYj+X+NNmURyY8hpV/vPgAe3+RUgkEikSW8RA6b9zD+QoGRLqUcN15XmNdvjhIY9wH4//AF6S/kW4jLXCfZ7Ydd023+XFVrn+0ZM+Vfx2kJ6eVbjIH1OaoSeHYJNrX9/dXmeT5x3A/hjigRE3i7SdIjaK3s4rjn5ljC7W/HGK848eeKLKDxR4S0Kw0y2s9Y8U3i6jfukx2i1tSzRL2A3FScdDgV6QNI0Q3QiXy0DcfMjjb78ivkfSfipHrH7T3/CV32lXN5oUST6daW9tGHIiCFItgJGegyenzE5rnqR5mrnRSlJczXY+rmhudYf99CZIehQEFT65Hf8AOtPStMt9FiMdiqQKRnyt3ljryeK8B1T9qSXTdRSOx+HksMMis0X2yRw8ig/eARcEfQmvY/hb40t/HfhOy1Oezkhe4RpDi1ZFUhyCh9xxz0PHQ1qpK5n7OVr2OwfWILeMN9rQOOsfmBh+YpbPXBcZIhgdc/ejnBI/4DjP6VDtsCfLFvI2B/Chpkj2Fu2WsrpnB+8sf8jxmqMyS81qzT93cXBjVug8pmX8wBUlvdWVx5XlXzJ8wHysT396zZdcM0pih8O6hPEf+WkzIifkSaZZzarJeRxx6bY2kOR8hmdm6+oAH6UDPpf9lHj9n3wcN279xL83r+/k5r1mvJf2Udw/Z78Ghhtb7PLkeh8+SvWqYgooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAK8+/aC/5Ij43/AOwTcf8AoBr0GvPv2gf+SI+N/wDsE3H/AKAaAOn8YeE9N8ceHb7Q9Wg8+wvI/LkUHDDuGU9mBwQfUV8WePNFs7DxNdeCviDdPA+nMg0vxZDbrNc/Zf4I51BBlQpx3ZGGOVr628ceL9Y8K3kXkpoEVhMAsdxrGqtaEuM7lx5bAjGOc+vtX55+MfHj+PvG2v6/NJZvcXF1IWhs7oTqkYYLGA2BnhQOgry8fJQipW1PNxslCKlbU9h8H/s/eEfF6+Hl8HeIbyysriWdjaa1YFd8UEieaYmT5QfnGFY9Cem0iqum/G/QY/2qrrxHpd5ayaXe3i6XLCsil5Y2VYmkCdSNyBvoPetT4J/FCZdH03QEt92qeHJ5NXsGjXLXdt832u2bjIPlu7qe5RR6Z9X8TN8Evhn8SdKv9WtLLRdUvLb7fbXHk/6JJl+JNoBCyA8hgB161zxpQqU4VKTS1TfqZ04QlTjUg0u/qee/GX4P63r2ihtHtEnTwhJc6fPCXZrmWy+Sa3ZePnwjsMDoBgZOa88m1QfDX4BlpMx33xAuzbW0jRZRbS3BY5borOxIAPUdOa+99J1Sw17T4L/TbuG9sp13RXFvIHRxnsR75rmfiZ8J9D+J3gK78K31vHb2UgBgaKIYt5ByrqvA4yeOMgmuurhVOTqw3aOiph1KTqQerR+eVnJFc6a8C3cEAM4kkaR8FFVSAwH8X3m4Gfuio/GVi+l+KNXiE6XKwkeSf4du1SpA9dpGQRkHI7V7d4u/ZB8TeENBtYdGupPF88k4R9qLC8UYRuWLP82SQOPSuz0P9k278YeFdNuPFN2NB8TRyFLiSzjSUz24AEay4O0ygDG8Z4wDkjNeVHC1XePLqeWsNUd48upY/Zl8Y6t4y+HuoaLeytcz6BLH9nuXYFvJlVx84YMH8vBIBBzgegr1v4ha3ba58E/GE9vKH3+H7xyCCrYNvIA20gEA4OCQMiqHhf4ey/B+zbT/AAb4bttSt50V7m9vNSMVzNKCR837thgLjGMAEngdTnfEaz1i5+Hni/UL7QLXR520m+Fw0F+Z/Mj+xTBTjYo3BiB9M89q9+jGUKajN3Z71GLjTUZvVG54b+EuifZ9K1RZdSS6/wBFvTi/l2tJGny7hu+ZeTlSSD36DHzT4quLiPx/41SMskf9vXRZsrjpH2Ir638NeJ9H/sXTLf8AtWx+0LDbwNF9oTcJGQbUxnqew74r5K8UxzyePvGaxwRlW1+6zMxJI4j4wP8AGtzQjgmkaMhRJu/vxqv6CmHS4GVnuHuHfr+8kyfwHSq0lmjSCOWaZAOgjVgP0q/aafZqvyhrh89ZASf1oAzpLeBWAtbZJJCcl7qUsfwUdK1Y4bqSFgZEtT/C0UQP55NDTyW+QLeOBc/xOFz+AFSw3QlUhzHtPUiQYoAx5IjJ51tPqctw0iFHXyFztIwRwMjj3FcFD8E9Agvt9lb20SBfK2+QzHb/AHeT0r0PUNetbBmjgj89lHARxj8gCaoQ6lf3W4rbLEf7xwoX8+f0qJJPcpSa2ZNb+B7C31Kwv4kYahYReRaz+YUMKf3V46cmuiE121v5MtxNOgwGjeQuMA5A7cZ7Vyctvf3dwpmklliBztiPlx/99dWNPtLe9tmly8FuDwolyq4+vGfxNPRbIOZvqdFMsaKrPHHGc/JywJ/I06SYRjfKsYH+yWz/ACrk4dbsrafZe6/bCResUYUKPbOD/Ota38Qad54WLUVuJD0jV1AA/Knck0rb7F80qqQz9T82TU6TRi5hULIQWGTuPFQi8SZSVSNsHks+P1FOt9QWKSPIiC7geJM9/SmM96/ZWx/woHwjjOPJmxnr/r5K9Xryf9lVhJ+z/wCEGHRoZiP+/wDJXrFAgooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAK8+/aC/wCSI+N/+wTcf+gGvQa8+/aC/wCSI+N/+wTcf+gGgDu7i0gu1CzwxzKOgkUMP1rhJvgF8PrjXrrV5fCmnyX10WaZmQlHZurbM7c++K39P0rxBD4y1i/u9ajuPD88EMdjpK2wVraRc+bI0nVtxI46ACobHR/Ey+FdVtLzxBDJrlw9w1pqVvZBEtQ5JhXyiSHEYIHJ+YLzjNTKKluiXFS3RZ0HwD4a8Kkto+g6dpkhUoZLa2RHKnqCwGSK+bvjn+ynrXiSHQ5tASz1cadFJZra3G2No4PNd4dm/K5VXKMcjO1TjrX1XaxPBawxyTNcSIgVpnABcgcsQOMnrxWLo+m67a6xrlxf6vHe2NxIh0+0W3CfZVC8hmHLEn+XbOKzqUYVIcj2InSjUjyPY+ev2avh38Tvhz4ua31TT5bbwtcLIbqOe8jdUk25SSNVY/MSADgcgnPQV9R1l+F9N1HSdBtLXVtUbWtRjT9/fNCsXmsSSSEXhRzgD0A61T0vS9et/Fmu3t9rMd1odwsC6dpiWwRrQqp81mk6uXYg+2KKVJUY8id0FOmqUeVM6Gkrj7XQPF8fgK+0+XxPCfFM3nGHWPsStHAWcmPEPAIRSBgnnHJq5q2keI7mz0COx12K1ntZ4X1KZrUN9sjUfvFUfwFj6dK2NTpa5D4xf8kj8b/9gO+/9J3rVax1o+LIrsanCugJZtE2m/Z8yPcF1Im83PACgrtxzuJJ6VzHxGt9Tt/hD8RBqd1Dds2m6k9u0MezZAYXMaMO7KOCe+M0AXfCfw78MW+l6Tew6DYRXIhgmEkcCrh1QFWAAwCCSRjoTXyf4u8ceHdC+Injez1HWbGzu11+5LQzXCq6grGQSCe4r6g8K+LPErWenWsng24jtgLWJLoXsTL5bKokkPPRRzgZLfgab8G1Bbx3kA/8VTffyjoA+TZPi34Nt8l/E+nKB/08qf5UsfxX8HXS5/4SXT8dc/alH9a+9toHQYo2j0H5UAfn/c/ETwTNwPEmllv9q5Uiq/8Awn/g9QQmt6Qe2ftKD9M1+hG0eg/Kk2r/AHR+VAH55f8AC1vDts+231XTfr58YA/8erNufiLpF6xX/hI9OgQnPytE36ljX6P7V9B+VG1f7o/KgD86bPxnorSKZfGlvt6fNexAflT9Q8WeDI3Es3iHS7uUcbpLtG/qa/RPYv8AdH5UbV/uj8qVgPzhXxL4LuMsNZ0mJu3+lx4/LIqCbxNpdnI0lj4s0SJiMfJNFux9Sa/SXavoPyo2L/dH5UWQH5wW/jeKNt03jLSZQeoW+jH6dKvw+PNHWVSfF2lBgwYstxET+Ffoh5a/3R+VGxf7o/KiwHkv7JbmT9nfwU5bdutZG3EY3AzSEH8eteuUgAHQYpaYBRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAV59+0F/wAkR8b/APYJuP8A0A16DXn37QX/ACRHxv8A9gm4/wDQDQB6DRRRQAUUUUAFFFFACM21Sa8i8O/Hqz1D9pLxL8J70ww39volnr+lnOGuIJGeOdT/ALSMsbfST/ZNepan50kKwwxlzIdrNnAVe+f5cetfKvxe/Zp8SeMPjzp3xc8JxLo3j7wmUFjdTTlbPX7McSWM65PksVeZVkUEYdc8j5QD62rkPjD/AMkj8b/9gO+/9J3rqrWZri2ileJ4GdAxikxuQkZ2nBIyPY1yvxh/5JH43/7Ad9/6TvQBu+Gv+Rc0r/r0i/8AQBXGfBv73jv/ALGm+/lHS+E/A+sx2enXcnjHUp4HFrcG3aNAAqKCYxtAAVujYGMdADzSfBv73jv/ALGm+/lHQB6LRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFFFFABRRRQAUUUUAFefftBf8kR8b/9gm4/9ANeg159+0GwX4H+OWYhVXSLglmOAAEOSaAPQaK57/hYvhT/AKGfRv8AwYRf/FUf8LE8Kf8AQz6N/wCDCL/4qgDoaK57/hYvhT/oZ9G/8GEX/wAVR/wsTwp/0M+jf+DCL/4qgDoazdat72dbQ2LKJIpxIweVo1ZcMCDgHI5HHt7VQ/4WL4U/6GfRv/BhF/8AFUf8LE8Kf9DPo3/gwi/+KoAXzfE+z/j20nfsb/l4lxvzwPudKrwWviS31C8uFWxkW4eP93LdzMiKq4bYuzCk89Ovep/+Fi+FP+hn0b/wYRf/ABVH/CxfCn/Qz6N/4MIv/iqAG3cfiW6tZoDHpsXmpInmRXMquueFKnZwcd+x6ZrnPH2gtoXwZ8cI99fXzyaFeFvttwZyhFs4IUkZxXS/8LE8Kf8AQz6N/wCDCL/4quS+LnxA8L3Hwp8aRR+JNIkkfRL1VRb+IliYHAAG6gDsvDeq2S6HpkJvLcTLBBE0ZlXcHKDCkZ6n0rlvg397x3/2NN9/KOp/Cnwr8LWun6XfwaRHb3RjtrktE7ovmIoKHaG24UkkDGM9qg+Df3vHf/Y0338o6APRaKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigAooooAKKKKACiiigArifjZoV54n+EXjDSdOtGv7690u4ghtUKhpmZCAgLEDJ6ckDnrXbUUAeJ+FFj8P2dzBqHgXxJ4geS4eWKa90qwDwxkDEQKyjIXBwTzzyaf4taPXvD91Y6X4C8QeHb6Xb5epWukWDyQ4YE4DykcgFeR0Ne00UAfP/g3RW8L3gkuvCPibWbU2wjktbnRtPVGn3AtcAiXKs53FlHy5YkAV1/9taX/ANEn1j/wWWX/AMer1GigD5i1HwTq954gvdSisvFtvHLcNJbWv9gaaVtIW3boEYSglCTGSTzmJOfvA+ljWtL/AOiUawf+4XZf/Hq9SooA8E8e6a/i63sYNL8IeJPDUcUu66W10XTpReRkYMT75eFPP3cHnrT/AAHYyeFNPurbV/CHiTxS0k/mQS3mi6dEbePaAIl2SjKjBOTzzXvFFAHjfiS4g1jQb6y0/wCHmvaJezxFItRt9IsHkt2P8aq0pBI965fwT4au/CeqJc3mgeKddtTCVns7rQtMRJZyQTcblk3K5wcgHac8AV9GUUAcMPiZdgYHgPxUB/1723/x+oPg7Yaja6f4mu9R0u60htS166voLa82eb5T7ArMEZgM7TxnP0r0CigBKKWigBKKWigBKKWigBKKWigBKKWigBKKWigAooooAKKKKACiiigD/9k=</embed>
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        <title locale="en_US">Effect of seasonal variations on the physicochemical characteristics of spring water in Oji River LGA, Enugu State Nigeria</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;This study was conducted to determine the effect of seasonal variations on the physicochemical characteristics of spring water samples in Oji River Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected in sterile plastic water containers at the point of discharge during the dry and wet seasons and analyzed physicochemically using the standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. The results showed that the colour (7-14.2 TCU); pH (7.18-8.4); temperature (24.6-28.1 &lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C); electrical conductivity in wet season (128.5-285.6 µs/cm); total dissolved solids (114.7-401 mg/L); total suspended solids (101.8-423.6 mg/L); total hardness (58-255 mg/L); total acidity (3.55-19.5 mg/L); total alkalinity (9.2-47 mg/L); biological oxygen demand (1.70-3.28 mg/L); nitrate (0.73-2.23 mg/L); ammonium in wet season (0.18-0.34 mg/L); zinc (0.011-0.085 mg/L); mercury (0.001-0.005 mg/L); copper (0.002-1.008 mg/L) and iron (0.031-0.318 mg/L) of water were within the WHO standard for drinking water quality while the phosphate (0.14-1.08 mg/L), lead (0.013-0.098 mg/L) and ammonium in dry season (0.48-0.75 mg/L) levels were not found within the prescribed limit of WHO drinking water standards. Therefore, this investigation indicated that the spring water is unfit for drinking without adequate treatment. Liming, boiling and ozonation treatment techniques are recommended for the treatment of water.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Dry season</keyword>
          <keyword>Oji River</keyword>
          <keyword>Seasonal variation</keyword>
          <keyword>Spring water</keyword>
          <keyword>Wet season</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Elochukwu Chidubem Sunday</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Okoye</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, P.M.B. 02 Uli, Anambra State, NIGERIA</affiliation>
            <country>NG</country>
            <email>ec.okoye@coou.edu.ng</email>
            <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1568-1887</orcid>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="12" id="1475">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Samuel Chinedu</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Onuorah</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, Anambra State, NIGERIA </affiliation>
            <country>NG</country>
            <email/>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Lydia Chidimma</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Okoye</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Microbiology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, P.M.B. 02 Uli, Anambra State, NIGERIA</affiliation>
            <country>NG</country>
            <email>lydiaamaeruchi@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Joseph Onyebuchi</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Nwadiogbu</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, P.M.B. 02 Uli, Anambra State, NIGERIA</affiliation>
            <country>NG</country>
            <email>jo.nwadiogbu@coou.edu.ng</email>
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</embed>
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        </covers>
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        <title locale="en_US">Evaluating the parameters influencing agricultural productivity due to the limitations of smartphone-related knowledge among farmers</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;The use of smartphones has improved individuals significantly in this age of information technology. Yet farmers cannot use this smartphone due to a lack of proper knowledge. Where smartphones could easily be used by farmers to solve their agricultural problems. The aims of the study to improve the daily life of a farmer as well as to gain skills in the use of smart phones. Nine characters have been selected to find out the relation between knowledge of farmers' use of smartphones in agriculture. The data are collected through interviews from 128 farm families from Mymensingh of Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire is distributed for collecting data. Those data were pre-arranged and categorized by using M.S. Excel. Spearman's Rank Order were used to create correlations among the characteristics of farmers. Among the selected farmers 56% have low knowledge and only 3% of farmers have high knowledge about the use of smartphones in the agricultural sector. Among nine characters ages and firm experience have a strong negative significant correlation (-0.548* and -0.541*, respectively). On the other hand, extension media interaction has a strong positive relationship (0.588*). From this output, farmers will be able to gain a complete understanding of smartphones to solve the agricultural problems with proper training and experience.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Farmer development</keyword>
          <keyword>Farmer knowledge</keyword>
          <keyword>Modern technology</keyword>
          <keyword>Smartphone use</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Prodipto Bishnu</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Angon</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>angonbishnubau@gmail.com</email>
            <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-8844</orcid>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="11" id="1470">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Mahbubur Rahman</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Khan</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Food and Process Engineering, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science &amp; Technology University, Dinajpur, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>emonmahbub47@gmail.com</email>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="11" id="1471">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Shafiul </givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Islam</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>shafiul.bau098@gmail.com</email>
          </author>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Rucksana Parvin </givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Suma</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>rucksanasuma111@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Ummya </givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Habiba</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>ummyahabiba94@gmail.com</email>
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    <article xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" date_submitted="2022-02-11" status="3" submission_progress="0" current_publication_id="418" stage="production">
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      <publication xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" version="1" status="3" primary_contact_id="1467" url_path="07-01-018" seq="4" date_published="2022-03-25" section_ref="Rev" access_status="0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
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        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.0701018</id>
        <title locale="en_US">A review on comparative effect of chemicals and botanicals in management of brown spot diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.) </title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Brown spot of rice is a fungal disease caused by either &lt;em&gt;Bipolaris oryzae&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Helminthosporium oryzae&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Drechslera oryzae&lt;/em&gt; species, which is found to be a major problem eventually causing sustainable losses both in quality and quantity. The pathogen after infection shows the symptoms on the leaves, panicles, glumes, and grain causing first as small, circular, and dark brown to purple-brown spots and fully developed lesions are circular to oval with a light brown to gray center, surrounded by a reddish-brown margin and ultimately killing the leaf. We have collected our information from secondary sources. In this review article, we have discussed the effects of bio-agents and chemicals and their comparative efficacy. Fungicides like: propiconazole, Carbendazim, Mancozeb, Hexaconazole, Cabendazim, Bion, Amistar, Tilt etc. are discussed which showed diverse performance on the diseases brown spot of rice. Extracts from the plant parts like roots, stem, leaves etc. are comparatively analyzed and studied that effected on mycelial growth and spore germination of &lt;em&gt;Bipolaris &lt;/em&gt;pathogen. The plant components with phenolic structures like carvacrol, eugenol, and thymol are found to be highly active against the pathogen. The extracts of plants like &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica, Nerium oleander, Curcuma longa, S. indicum, Cymbopogon citratus &lt;/em&gt;etc. are found suitable against brown spot in rice. Chemical fungicides were found to have more inhibition rate against the pathogen, even up to 100%. Although being eco-friendly, plant extracts were recorded to be less effective in comparison to chemical fungicides for suppressing plant pathogen. This article promotes the use of plant extracts for human health and environmental benefits over the use of chemicals for the control of plant diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Bipolaris oryzae</keyword>
          <keyword>Botanicals</keyword>
          <keyword>Brown spots</keyword>
          <keyword>Chemical fungicides</keyword>
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        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Aquaponics is the sustainable approaches of present day’s world for raising fish species along with vegetables in a symbiotic association for sustainable food production. People are facing food crisis not only because of the adverse environmental condition but also due to unbalance environment population ratio. That is the main reason why the entire world is more concerned about the production of more food for security and sustainability. Present day’s modern farming system mainly focus on the productivity increasing technology and in due course individual are utilizing more chemical compounds that result in the degradation of soil. It shows great impact on ecological environment. Most of the cultivable land is also turned out as a site of construction which reduces the cultivable land on earth and ultimately arising the food insecurity. In such a circumstance a new approach of aquaponics might be beneficial where water solely covers the two third of the total mass. Aquaponics is a soilless culture which gained immense popularity as it focuses on organic production of vegetables within a single recirculating aquaponics system. Along with the sustainability it also emphasis economic efficacy and enhancement of productivity.  It can be grown used on non-arable lands such as deserts, degraded soil or salty, sandy islands. So, it can integrate livelihood strategies to secure food and small incomes for landless and poor households.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
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        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
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          <keyword>Aquaponics</keyword>
          <keyword>Food security</keyword>
          <keyword>Soilless culture</keyword>
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        <title locale="en_US">Livelihood assets and food consumption status of riverbank erosion hazard people in a selected area of Bangladesh</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Riverbank erosion is a major threat to Bangladesh refers to an endemic and recurrent natural hazard of our country. The study was conducted to identify the socioeconomic characteristics, find out the root causes of riverbank erosion, determine the livelihood assets and measure the calorie intake level of the riverine people. Primary data were collected from Jamalpur district in Bangladesh. The DFID approaches of livelihood and the consumption data of riverine households of seven days was measured by per person per day calorie intake level. The findings revealed that 72% of the respondents belonged to the age up to 60 years, 33.33% respondents’ education level was primary, 36% of the respondents’ primary occupation was agriculture, and 40% respondents had annual household income more than Tk. 100000 (US$ 1556.60). Most of the households identified flood, heavy rainfall, and stream of current as the main cause of riverbank erosion. Overall, human assets were in good position. About 54% respondents used leased land for their cultivation and 37.33% respondents had cash in hand. About 80% of the respondents belonged to the poor and their calorie intake level was &amp;lt; 2122 K. Cal. The Water Development Board of Bangladesh needs more attention to riverine people for improvement of their livelihood and food security status.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Bangladesh</keyword>
          <keyword>Food consumption</keyword>
          <keyword>Livelihood assets</keyword>
          <keyword>Riverbank erosion</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Toma</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Chowdhury</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, BANGLADESH </affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="10" id="1548">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Mohammad Ataur</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Rahman</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Finance, Co-operatives and Banking, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna - 9100, BANGLADESH </affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>marahman@bau.edu.bd</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Akhtaruzzaman</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Khan</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, BANGLADESH </affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Tanjima</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Akter</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Finance, Co-operatives and Banking, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna - 9100, BANGLADESH </affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
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        <title locale="en_US">Socio-economic analysis of ginger production in Terhathum district, Province no. 1, Nepal</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Terhathum is one of the major ginger-producing districts in Nepal. This study with the objective of analyzing the socio-economic status of ginger growing farmers in the Terhathum district investigates the production economics of ginger (&lt;em&gt;Zingiber officinale&lt;/em&gt; Rose.) and the socioeconomic status of ginger producing farmers. The semi-structured interview schedule was administered to interview randomly selected commercial ginger-producing households in Myanglung municipality, Phedap rural municipality, and Menchhayayem rural municipality with 35, 39, and 17 respondents from each of the locations respectively. The overall productivity of ginger in the study area was found to be 19.3 MT/ha. The major cost-share for ginger production was found to be held by rhizomes used in the plantation (40.01%). The results indicated that ginger production was a profitable enterprise in the study area with an average B: C ratio of 3.77. The Cobb-Douglas production function indicated that ginger production exhibit increasing returns to scale at a decreasing rate. Rhizome quantity and amount of organic manure applied in the field played a major role in increasing the gross margin of the production. The goodness of fit was 52.3% with a return to scale of 0.714. Indexing technique identified incidence of diseases and pests and the instability of price as the major problems associated with production and trade of ginger. Overall, the study revealed that ginger production was a profitable and potential agriculture enterprise for the study area.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>B/C ratio</keyword>
          <keyword>Cobb-Douglas</keyword>
          <keyword>Gross margin</keyword>
          <keyword>Production factor</keyword>
        </keywords>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Aastha</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Adhikari</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Lamjung, NEPAL </affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email>aasthamsc2022@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Thaneshwar</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Bhandari</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Economics, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Lamjung, NEPAL </affiliation>
            <country>NP</country>
            <email/>
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    <article xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" date_submitted="2022-01-21" status="3" submission_progress="0" current_publication_id="408" stage="production">
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      <publication xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" version="1" status="3" primary_contact_id="1444" url_path="07-01-07" seq="7" date_published="2022-03-25" section_ref="ART" access_status="0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
        <id type="internal" advice="ignore">408</id>
        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.070107</id>
        <title locale="en_US">Effects of industrial effluents on growth and heavy metals accumulation in cabbage in Bangladesh</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of industrial effluents on cabbage growth and heavy metal accumulation. Untreated effluents were collected from nine dumping sites in Bangladesh's Dhaka, Sylhet, and Chittagong divisions: including Narsingdi, Tongi, Hazaribagh, Alampur, Khadimnagar, Majortilla, Bhatiary, Bayazid bostami, and Sagorika. Pb (2.038 mgl&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), Cd (0.082 mgl&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), Ni (0.237 mgl&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and Cr (0.172 mgl&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) concentrations found maximum in Hazaribagh effluents, whereas Fe (7.171 mgl&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and Zn (1.938 mgl&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) were maximum in Khadimnagar. Two pot experiments were carried out in CRD with three replications. Untreated effluents had a significant influence on cabbage germination and growth in the early stages. Seed germination was reduced by 19.78% when Khadimnagar effluents were used instead of control. The seedling mortality rate in Khadimnagar effluents was higher (15.56 %), whereas no seedling mortality in the control. Because of the toxicity of heavy metals, shoot length (61.98%) and root length (66.76%), as well as other parameters, were lowered compared to control. The number of leaf plants&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight, and dried weight were all highest in the control, while they were lowest when Khadimnagar effluents used as irrigation. The transfer factor values of several heavy metals (Pb-0.442, Cd-0.400, Ni-0.411, Cr-0.378, Fe-26.317, and Zn-22.951) were maximum when using effluents from Khadimnagar and Hazaribagh. Finally, the overall findings suggest that heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Fe, and Zn were significantly contaminated in Khadimnagar and Hazaribagh, with negative effects on cabbage growth and heavy metal accumulation in foodstuffs, potentially posing a health risk.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Accumulation</keyword>
          <keyword>Cabbage</keyword>
          <keyword>Growth</keyword>
          <keyword>Heavy metals</keyword>
          <keyword>Industrial effluents</keyword>
        </keywords>
        <authors xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="7" id="1444">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Abu Rashed Md.</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Maukeeb</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna - 9100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>rashedmaukeeb@gmail.com</email>
            <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7047-002X</orcid>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="7" id="1538">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Kamrul</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Hasan</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="7" id="1539">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Munmun</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Saha</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="7" id="1540">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Fuad</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Mondal</familyname>
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        <title locale="en_US">Effect of integrated management on purple blotch (Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cif.) progression and bulb yield of onion at Arba Minch in Southern Ethiopia</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;A field experiment was conducted at Arba Minch area, southern Ethiopia during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to determine the integrated effects of varieties and fungicide spray frequencies on onion purple blotch (PB) epidemics, bulb yields, and economic returns. Fifteen treatment combinations consisting of three onion varieties and five fungicide spray frequencies were arranged in a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Integrating varieties with fungicide spray frequencies significantly reduced onion PB epidemics and increased bulb yields and economic returns. Due to four times spray of ridomil gold (RG) at 14-day interval, PB severities as low as 35.7, 42.2, and 58.9% were recorded on Nasik-Red, Bombay-Red, and Adama-Red varieties, respectively. The lowest area under the disease progress curve of 625.3, 706.7, and 1131.1%-days was also recorded on Nasik-Red, Bombay-Red, and Adama-Red varieties, respectively, due to four sprays of RG at a 14-day interval. Three times spray of RG at 10-day interval gave the highest bulb yields of 33.4, 38.9, and 23.7 t ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; on Nasik-Red, Bombay-Red, and Adama-Red varieties, respectively. The results showed the existence of variability in onion genetic resistance that was complemented by fungicide spray frequencies against PB epidemics to increase bulb yields. The use of Bombay-Red variety along with three and four-time spray frequency of RG was found to be the most effective option in reducing PB epidemics and increasing onion bulb yields. However, the use of Bombay-Red variety along with three-time spray frequency of RG could be recommended, because of its highest economic returns, to farmers in the study areas and elsewhere with similar agro-ecologies to manage PB and sustain onion production and productivity in the country.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>AUDPC</keyword>
          <keyword>Bulb yield</keyword>
          <keyword>Economic returns</keyword>
          <keyword>Fungicide</keyword>
          <keyword>Onion varieties</keyword>
          <keyword>Severities</keyword>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Getachew Gudero</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Mengesha</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Arba Minch Agricultural Research Center, SARI, P.O. Box 2228, Arba Minch, ETHIOPIA</affiliation>
            <country>ET</country>
            <email>gechnig@gmail.com</email>
            <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-3757</orcid>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Abu Jambo</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Yae</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, ETHIOPIA</affiliation>
            <country>ET</country>
            <email>abujambo688@gmail.com</email>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Dizgo Chencha</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Cheleko</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, ETHIOPIA</affiliation>
            <country>ET</country>
            <email>dizgochencha2@gmail.com</email>
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      <publication xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" locale="en_US" version="1" status="3" primary_contact_id="1436" url_path="07-01-05" seq="6" date_published="2022-03-25" section_ref="ART" access_status="0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
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        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.070105</id>
        <title locale="en_US">Screening of sweet potato feathery mottle virus resistant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L., Lam.) cultivars in Kebbi State, Nigeria</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Sweet potato is a food security crop because of its ability to withstand adverse climatic conditions. This security, however, is being threaten by viral diseases and use of resistant cultivars remain the best management. This research was conducted to screen cultivars of sweet potato against sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) infection. The treatments consisted of five cultivars coded as CV1, CV2, CV3, CV4 and CV5, respectively. The asymptomatic experimental plants were established, maintained under screen house conditions and graft-inoculated using infected vines which were tested SPFMV positive using both Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and replicated three times. Results obtained from disease incidence and symptom severity indicated that there was significant difference (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.05) among cultivars in their reaction to SPFMV infection. CV2 had the highest mean disease incidence (60.67%) while, CV3 had the lowest mean disease incidence (36.67%). CV1, CV3, and CV5 have the same lowest mean symptom severity score of 2.00 while, CV2 had the highest mean severity score of 4.00. Based on the reaction of the cultivars after inoculation, it could be concluded that, all the cultivars screened were susceptible to SPFMV but CV1, CV3 and CV4 cultivars have some degree of resistance to SPFMV infection and were therefore recommended for use by the farmers in the study area. This is the first research that screened sweet potato cultivars for resistance to SPFMV in Kebbi State, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Cultivar, sweet potato, Sweet potato feathery mottle virus, disease resistance</keyword>
        </keywords>
        <authors xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="6" id="1436">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Abdulrahman</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Musa</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Crop Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria, P.M.B. 1144, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State NIGERIA</affiliation>
            <country>NG</country>
            <email>abdulmusatsoho@gmail.com</email>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="6" id="1534">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Musa Umar</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Tanimum</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Crop Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria, P.M.B. 1144, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State NIGERIA</affiliation>
            <country>NG</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="6" id="1535">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Adamu</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Muhammad</familyname>
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        <title locale="en_US">Cereal production trends, nutrient use efficiency and its management practices in agriculture: A review</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Boosting global food production to meet the escalating demand without distressing the environment is a major challenge of our time. In the present review study, a-59 years global cereal production and fertilizer use trends, nutrients use efficiency (NUE) and some of its management approaches in agriculture were evaluated. Accordingly, the world cereal production increased by 3.4-fold (876.9 to 2979 Mt) from 1961 to 2019, whereas the area of production increased moderately by 1.11 folds. The chemical N, P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, and K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O fertilizer consumption in cereal crop production were increased by 9.45 folds (from 6.9 to 65.2 Mt), 4-fold (from 6.6 to 26.3 Mt), and 4.34-fold (from 5.2 to 22.6 Mt), respectively. The estimated world cereal N, P, and K use efficiency is 33%, 16%, and 19%, respectively. The unaccounted 65% of N, 84% of P and 81% of K fertilizer was either remained in the soil or lost to the environment through volatilization, leaching, and run-offs leading to higher environmental and economic costs. Therefore, improving NUE is a crucial step to enhance crop yields, tackle environmental pollution, reduce production costs. Several NUE management approaches were identified such as soil management (use of organic inputs, 4R nutrient stewardship, adoption of modified fertilizer, root-zone nutrient management, etc.), plant management (growing nutrient use efficient cultivars, crop rotation, and so on), integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM), and application of precision agriculture. However, no single management approach solely resulted in higher NUE but rather the combination. Hence this could be applied in agricultural production to improve yield and NUE while minimizing environmental degradation.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Cereal production</keyword>
          <keyword>Nutrient use efficiency</keyword>
          <keyword>Root-zone fertilization</keyword>
          <keyword>Soil management</keyword>
          <keyword>Yield </keyword>
        </keywords>
        <subjects locale="en_US">
          <subject>Agriculture and food</subject>
        </subjects>
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            <givenname locale="en_US">Solomon</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Yokamo</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education; National Observation and Research Station of Agriculture Green Development (Quzhou, Hebei), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, CHINA</affiliation>
            <country>ET</country>
            <email>solomonyokamon@gmail.com</email>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="2" id="1551">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Jiao</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Xiaoqiang</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education; National Observation and Research Station of Agriculture Green Development (Quzhou, Hebei), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, CHINA</affiliation>
            <country>CN</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="2" id="1552">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Fekadu</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Gurmu</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Ethiopian Agricultural Research Council Secretariat (EARCS), Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA</affiliation>
            <country>ET</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="2" id="1553">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Carlos Kwesi</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Tettey</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, CHINA</affiliation>
            <country>CN</country>
            <email/>
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          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="2" id="1554">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Rongfeng</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">JIANG</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education; National Observation and Research Station of Agriculture Green Development (Quzhou, Hebei), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, CHINA</affiliation>
            <country>CN</country>
            <email/>
          </author>
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        <id type="doi" advice="update">10.26832/24566632.2022.0701015</id>
        <title locale="en_US">A review of the water quality indices of riverine ecosystem, Bangladesh</title>
        <abstract locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Rivers have been the most important freshwater resource, and our ancient civilizations have flourished along the banks of rivers. River water finds multiple uses like agriculture, industry, transportation, aquaculture, and public water supply. Natural waters are being contaminated as the quality of water is being affected by anthropogenic activities, in developing countries like Bangladesh. From the point of view, the physicochemical parameters (water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, DO, BOD, alkalinity, total hardness, nitrate) of seventeen rivers in Bangladesh were reviewed from January 2021 to June 2021. The water quality parameters of some rivers were found to be far above the suitable limits, which is dangerous for human health, agriculture, and fisheries. It is therefore necessary to check the water quality at regular interval of time to conserve the natural ecosystem of the rivers of Bangladesh. Furthermore, this study would help to create and develop awareness among the people to help maintain the quality of the river waters.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
        <licenseUrl>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</licenseUrl>
        <copyrightYear>2022</copyrightYear>
        <keywords locale="en_US">
          <keyword>Acceptable limit</keyword>
          <keyword>Physico-chemical parameters</keyword>
          <keyword>Seasonal variation</keyword>
        </keywords>
        <agencies locale="en_US">
          <agency>N/A</agency>
        </agencies>
        <disciplines locale="en_US">
          <discipline>Biology</discipline>
        </disciplines>
        <subjects locale="en_US">
          <subject>Envoronmental sciences</subject>
        </subjects>
        <authors xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1423">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Nishat</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Tasnim</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email/>
            <orcid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-6806</orcid>
            <biography locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Mst. Armina Sultana is an Assistant Professor at Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh, from where she graduated with a B.Sc. in fisheries and an M.Sc. in aquatic resource management. For her academic achievements, she awarded the Prime Minister's Gold Medal, the Chancellor's Gold Medal, as well as the University Award. Her Masters' thesis explored the ecosystems and ecosystem services in the Meghna river basin of Bangladesh. She also served as a Research Assistant for the ECOFISHBD project at WorldFish Bangladesh and South Asia. Her research interest focuses on water pollution, eco-toxicology, heavy metal and management of aquatic resources.&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1424">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Mst. Armina</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Sultana</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>armina.arm@sau.ac.bd</email>
            <biography locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Nishat Tasnim is an emerging lecturer at the department of Aquatic Resource Management in Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh, who earlier worked as a research assistant in a project entitled “Techniques Adoption and Formulation of Guidelines for Sustainable Management of &lt;em&gt;Haor&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Beel&lt;/em&gt; Fisheries” funded by Bangladesh Fisheries Research Forum (BFRF) for a period of 06 (six) months from 01-06-2013 to 30-11-2013. Tasnim holds an M.Sc. in Aquatic Resource Management which accelerated her desire to work on aquatic organisms, aquatic resources, water quality, fisheries management including different culture techniques in fisheries. Her research interest focuses on pollution in aquatic water bodies. Her working experience with this project will help to develop her knowledge which will enlighten her career.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1425">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Khushnud</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Tabassum</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>tabassumkheya69@gmail.com</email>
            <biography locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Khushnud Tabassum is a post graduate student from Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh, from where she completed her graduation with a B.Sc. in fisheries and an M.Sc. in Aquaculture . For her academic achievement in B.Sc., she was awarded with the Prime Minister's Gold Medal Award. Her Masters' thesis explored the temporal variations of growth, condition factor, liver somatic index (LSI) and gonado somatic index (GSI) of ticto barb in Dekhar haor (Northeastern, Bangladesh). She has great interests in the field of sustainable management and conservation of critically endangered fish species along with ecosystem, aquatic resources and ecogriendly culture of fish species.&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1426">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Md. Jahidul</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Islam</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>mjislam.arm@sau.ac.bd</email>
            <biography locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Md. Jahidul Islam is an Associate Professor at the department of Aquatic Resource Management in Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh. He has completed his B.Sc in Fisheries (Hons.) from Bangladesh Agricultural University. Md. Islam holds an M.Sc. in Fisheries Management which accelerated his desire to work on aquatic resources management and water quality parameters. His research interest focuses on aquatic biodiversity and water pollution of different inland water bodies.&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
          </author>
          <author include_in_browse="true" user_group_ref="Author" seq="1" id="1427">
            <givenname locale="en_US">Mrityunjoy</givenname>
            <familyname locale="en_US">Kunda</familyname>
            <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet - 3100, BANGLADESH</affiliation>
            <country>BD</country>
            <email>kunda.arm@sau.ac.bd</email>
            <biography locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Dr. Mrityunjoy Kunda has worked nearly twenty six years in the fisheries sector in Bangladesh, including serving as a teacher, researcher, trainer and extension agent to build capacity in fish production in the country. Currently he serves as Professor in the Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh. He was responsible to ensure good quality carp seed of selected hatcheries in Noakhali and Barisal region through improvement of broodstock and hatchery management practices and develop linkage among actors in the value chain of carp seed production and its user group. He also carried out researches on small indigenous fish species in the WorldFish. Before WorldFish he served as Fishery Extension Officer, Manager of a Fish Seed Multiplication Farm and District Fishery Officer (In-charge) of the Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh. Early in his career, Dr. Kunda was a Fisheries Officer with the Department of Fisheries in Rajshahi, Bangladesh, where he organized and implemented open water fisheries management programs, including training and extension services. During the service tenure he has gained a substantial knowledge on data collection, data analysis and report writing, preparation of small-scale fisheries project, beneficiary group formation and implementation of fish laws. Dr. Kunda also has a background in research, and has contributed extensively to the available literature on fish and prawn culture. Some of his research has focused on rice-fish culture system and its impacts on the livelihoods of rural people of Bangladesh. Forty Eight (48) of his research work published in international and national journals. Dr. Kunda presented 13 scientific papers in international and national seminar/workshop and attended another 50 national seminar/workshops. He carried out research project as principal investigator funded by International Foundation for Science (IFS), Sweden and 10 other projects getting fund from Sylhet Agricultural University, University Grants Commission, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Forum, Ministry of Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council and WorldFish. Dr. Kunda has a Ph.D. in Fisheries Management.&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
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</embed>
          </cover>
        </covers>
      </publication>
    </article>
  </articles>
</issue>

Validation errors:

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}author ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article_galley': This element is not expected. Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}keywords, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}agencies, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}languages, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}disciplines, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}subjects, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article': Missing child element(s). Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}submission_file, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}pkppublication, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}publication ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}issue': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}articles ).

Invalid XML:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<issue xmlns="http://pkp.sfu.ca" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" published="1" current="0" access_status="1" url_path="10-03" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
  <id type="internal" advice="ignore">43</id>
  <issue_identification>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <number>3</number>
    <year>2025</year>
    <title locale="en_US">September 2025 Issue</title>
  </issue_identification>
  <date_published>2025-09-25</date_published>
  <last_modified>2025-09-25</last_modified>
  <sections>
    <section ref="ART" seq="1" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">1</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">ART</abbrev>
      <policy locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Section default policy&lt;/p&gt;</policy>
      <title locale="en_US">Research Articles</title>
    </section>
    <section ref="Rev" seq="2" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">2</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">Rev</abbrev>
      <title locale="en_US">Review Articles</title>
    </section>
  </sections>
  <issue_galleys xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd"/>
</issue>

Validation errors:

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}author ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article_galley': This element is not expected. Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}keywords, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}agencies, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}languages, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}disciplines, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}subjects, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article': Missing child element(s). Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}submission_file, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}pkppublication, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}publication ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}issue': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}articles ).

Invalid XML:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<issue xmlns="http://pkp.sfu.ca" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" published="1" current="0" access_status="1" url_path="10-02" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
  <id type="internal" advice="ignore">42</id>
  <issue_identification>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <number>2</number>
    <year>2025</year>
    <title locale="en_US">June 2025 Issue</title>
  </issue_identification>
  <date_published>2025-06-25</date_published>
  <last_modified>2025-06-25</last_modified>
  <sections>
    <section ref="ART" seq="1" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">1</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">ART</abbrev>
      <policy locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Section default policy&lt;/p&gt;</policy>
      <title locale="en_US">Research Articles</title>
    </section>
    <section ref="case" seq="4" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">3</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">case</abbrev>
      <title locale="en_US">Case Studies</title>
    </section>
  </sections>
  <issue_galleys xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd"/>
</issue>

Validation errors:

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}author ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article_galley': This element is not expected. Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}keywords, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}agencies, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}languages, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}disciplines, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}subjects, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article': Missing child element(s). Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}submission_file, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}pkppublication, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}publication ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}issue': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}articles ).

Invalid XML:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<issue xmlns="http://pkp.sfu.ca" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" published="1" current="0" access_status="1" url_path="10-01" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
  <id type="internal" advice="ignore">41</id>
  <issue_identification>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <number>1</number>
    <year>2025</year>
    <title locale="en_US">March 2025 Issue</title>
  </issue_identification>
  <date_published>2025-03-25</date_published>
  <last_modified>2025-03-24</last_modified>
  <sections>
    <section ref="ART" seq="1" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">1</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">ART</abbrev>
      <policy locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Section default policy&lt;/p&gt;</policy>
      <title locale="en_US">Research Articles</title>
    </section>
    <section ref="case" seq="4" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">3</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">case</abbrev>
      <title locale="en_US">Case Studies</title>
    </section>
    <section ref="Rev" seq="2" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">2</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">Rev</abbrev>
      <title locale="en_US">Review Articles</title>
    </section>
  </sections>
  <issue_galleys xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd"/>
</issue>

Validation errors:

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}author ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article_galley': This element is not expected. Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}keywords, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}agencies, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}languages, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}disciplines, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}subjects, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}authors ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}article': Missing child element(s). Expected is one of ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}submission_file, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}pkppublication, {http://pkp.sfu.ca}publication ).

Element '{http://pkp.sfu.ca}issue': Missing child element(s). Expected is ( {http://pkp.sfu.ca}articles ).

Invalid XML:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<issue xmlns="http://pkp.sfu.ca" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" published="1" current="0" access_status="1" url_path="09-01" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd">
  <id type="internal" advice="ignore">37</id>
  <issue_identification>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <number>1</number>
    <year>2024</year>
    <title locale="en_US">March 2024 Issue</title>
  </issue_identification>
  <date_published>2024-03-25</date_published>
  <last_modified>2024-03-24</last_modified>
  <sections>
    <section ref="ART" seq="1" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">1</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">ART</abbrev>
      <policy locale="en_US">&lt;p&gt;Section default policy&lt;/p&gt;</policy>
      <title locale="en_US">Research Articles</title>
    </section>
    <section ref="Rev" seq="2" editor_restricted="0" meta_indexed="1" meta_reviewed="1" abstracts_not_required="0" hide_title="0" hide_author="0" abstract_word_count="0">
      <id type="internal" advice="ignore">2</id>
      <abbrev locale="en_US">Rev</abbrev>
      <title locale="en_US">Review Articles</title>
    </section>
  </sections>
  <issue_galleys xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://pkp.sfu.ca native.xsd"/>
</issue>