A review on the role of emerging anthropogenic activities in environmental degradation and emphasis on their mitigation
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0503025
Abstract
Environmental degradation is the deterioration of natural resources such as air, water, soil, flora, fauna, and all other living and non-living component of the planet earth. There are two main reasons for environmental degradation i.e. anthropogenic causes like industrialization, overpopulation, deforestation, mining, etc. and natural causes like flood, landslide, desertification, temperatures, etc. Nowadays, the demand for natural resources is increase due to the exceeding population. To fulfill the demand of humans, over exploration of the natural resources in carrying out, due to this they are under pressure. The anthropogenic activities disturbed and degraded the environmental component such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere. All the environmental component is linked together if one is disturbed than its disturbed the other one also. However, in this paper, we discussed the anthropogenic activities that affect the environmental component directly or indirectly and we also suggested the recommendation and mitigation measures to sustain the environmental component developed by the agencies and policymaker.
Keywords:
Anthropogenic causes, Environmental degradation, Land degradation, Soil pollution, Water degradationDownloads
References
Akbulut, A. (2014). Environmental degradation as a security threat: The challenge for developing countries. International Journal of Human Science, 11(1):1227–1237.
Allen, L., Cohen, M., Abelson, D. and Miller, B. (2012). Fossils and water quality. In: The Worlds Water, 7: 73-96.
Al-Yasari, W.A.K., Al-Mamoori, A.M.J., Al-Rifaie, Z.I. and Al-Mamoori, O.H. (2017). The evaluation of crude oil leakage effect on water quality. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 10(2): 789-795.
Arif, S. (2010). Implications for Policies, Investments, and Institutions. The Cost of Environmental Degradation, 147-157.
Atkinson, R. and Arey, J. (2003). Atmospheric degradation of volatile organic compounds. Chemical Reviews, 103(12): 4605-4638.
Babonea, A.M. and Joia, R.M. (2012). Transition to a green economy - a challenge and and a solution for the world economy in multiple crisis context. Theoretical & Applied Economics, 10(575): 105-114
Bader, S.D. (1991). Smoke. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,100(1-3): 440-454.
Bernes, C. (1998). Persistent organic pollutants. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm. 9-21.
Blumer, M. and Sass, J. (1972). Oil pollution: persistence and degradation of spilled fuel oil. Science, 176(4039): 1120-1122.
Boincean, B. and Dent, D. (2019). Crop Rotation. In Farming the Black Earth. Springer. 89-124.
Chertow, M.R. (2001). The IPAT equation and its variants. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 4(4):13–29.
Gostelow, P., Parsons, S.A. and Stuetz, R.M. (2001). Odour measurements for sewage treatment works. Water Research, 35(3): 579-597.
Hanson, L. (2010). Linking globalization and extinction rates: a statistical analysis of the effects of globalization on biodiversity. Hinckley Journal of Politics, 11: 25-34.
Hayek, B.O. and Al Hmoud, N.D. (2011). Water degradation as a human security challenge in Jordan. In: Coping with Global Environmental Change, Disasters and Security. Springer. 395-407.
Henderson, J.V. (1991). Urban development: Theory, fact, and illusion. OUP Catalogue.
Hidayat, R. (2019). Landslide vulnerability mapping for landslide Victim Relocation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 771(1): 1-9.
Houghton, J. (2009). Global warming: the complete briefing. Cambridge university press.
Huesemann, M. and Huesemann, J. (2011). Techno-fix: why technology won't save us or the environment. New Society Publishers.
Jelic, A., Gros, M., Ginebreda, A., Cespedes-Sánchez, R., Ventura, F., Petrovic, M. and Barcelo, D. (2011). Occurrence, partition and removal of pharmaceuticals in sewage water and sludge during wastewater treatment. Water Research, 45(3): 1165-1176.
Johnson, D.L., Ambrose, S.H., Bassett, T.J., Bowen, M.L., Crummey, D.E., Isaacson, J.S. and Winter-Nelson, A.E. (1997). Meanings of environmental terms. Journal of Environmental Quality, 26(3): 581-589.
Jones, K.C. and De Voogt, P. (1999). Persistent organic pollutants (POPs): state of the science. Environmental Pollution, 100(1-3): 209-221.
Kamboj, N., Kamboj, V., Bharti, M. and Sharma, S. (2016). Productive assessment of Pisum sativum l. by using organic fertilizers. Environment Conservation Journal, 17(3): 79-83.
Kamboj, V., Kamboj, N. and Sharma, S. (2017) Environmental impact of riverbed mining- a review. International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews, 7(1): 504-520.
Kamboj, N. and Kamboj, V. (2019). Water quality assessment using overall index of pollution in riverbed-mining area of Ganga-River Haridwar, India. Water Science, 33(1): 65-74, http;//doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2019.1626631
Kamboj, N. and Kamboj, V. (2020). Spatial and temporal variation of zooplankton assemblage in the mining impacted stretch of Ganga River, Uttarakhand, India. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, http;//doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09089-1
Kamboj, N., Bisht, A., Kamboj, V., Pandey, N. and Bisht, A. (2020). Role of natural disasters in environmental degradation: An overview. In: Environmental Degradation: Causes and Remediation Strategies, Volume 1, Eds. Kumar, V., Singh, J. and Kumar, P., pp. 21-35, https://doi.org/10.26832/aesa-2020-edcrs-02
Kampa, M. and Castanas, E. (2008). Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Pollution 151(2): 362-367.
King, C.G. (2018). Pollution Solution. Navigations: A First-Year College Composite, 2(1): 8.
Kumar, V., Kumar, P. and Singh, J. (2019). An introduction to contaminants in agriculture and environment. In: Kumar, V., Kumar, R., Singh, J. and Kumar, P. (eds) Contaminants in Agriculture and Environment: Health Risks and Remediation, Volume 1, Agro Environ Media, Haridwar, India, pp. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.26832/AESA-2019-CAE-0159-01
Kumar, V., Kumar, P., Singh, J. and Kumar, P. (2020). Current status of water pollution by integrated industrial hubs (IIHs) in India. In: Environmental Degradation: Causes and Remediation Strategies, pp. 104-119, https://doi.org/10.26832/aesa-2020-edcrs-08
Lee, G.F. and Jones-Lee, A. (1994). A groundwater protection strategy for lined landfills. Environmental Science & Technology, 28(13):584A-585A.
Leitzell, T.L. (1972). The Ocean Dumping Convention-A Hopeful Beginning. San Diego Law. Review, 10(2): 502-.510.
Lutze, W. and Ewing, R.C. (1988). Radioactive waste forms for the future.
Marland, G., Rotty, R.M. and Treat, N.L. (1985). CO2 from fossil fuel burning: Global distribution of emissions. Tellus B, 37(4-5):243-258.
Maurya, P.K., Ali, S.K., Ahmad, A., Zhou, Q., Castro, J.D.S., Khan, E. and Ali, H. (2020). An introduction to environmental degradation: causes, consequences and mitigation. In: Environmental Degradation: Causes and Remediation Strategies, Volume 1, Eds. Kumar, V., Singh, J. and Kumar, P., pp. 01-20, https://doi.org/10.26832/aesa-2020-edcrs-01
Meng, Z., Dang, X. and Gao, Y. (2020). Land Degradation. In Public Private Partnership for Desertification Control in Inner Mongolia Springer, 101-125.
Miao, L., Moore, J.C., Zeng, F., Let, J., Ding, J., He, B. and Cui, Z. (2015). Footprint of research in desertification management in China. Land Degradation and Development, 26(5): 450-457.
Middleton, P. and Rhodes, S.L. (1984). Acid rain and drinking water degradation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 4(1): 99-103.
Mirski, A., Shaikan, A. and Kome, A. (2017). International cooperation and management in global environment and sustainable development. Scientific Journal of Polonia University, 24(5): 25-32.
Mulholland, G. W. (2002). Smoke production and properties. SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering, 3(1):259-268.
Nayak, S.B., Sahoo, A.K., Elango, K. and Rao, K.S. (2020). Role of pesticides in environmental degradation and its remediation strategies. In: Environmental Degradation: Causes and Remediation Strategies, Volume 1, Eds. Kumar, V., Singh, J. and Kumar, P., pp. 36-46, https://doi.org/10.26832/aesa-2020-edcrs-03.
Nemerow, N.L. and Dasgupta, A. (1994). Industrial and hazardous waste treatment. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 37 (1): 375-394.
Oasmaa, A. and Czernik, S. (1999). Fuel oil quality of biomass pyrolysis oils state of the art for the end users. Energy & Fuels, 13(4): 914-921.
Oral, H.V. (2020). Deforestation. The Palgrave Encyclopaedia of Global Security Studies, Springer, 1-6
Ragab, R. and Prudhomme, C. (2002). Soil and Water: climate change and water resources management in arid and semi-arid regions: prospective and challenges for the 21st century. Biosystems Engineering, 81(1): 3-34.
Rambabu, M. (2018). Environmental Degradation in India: Causes and Effects. International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, 06-10.
Salomons, W. (1995). Environmental impact of metals derived from mining activities: processes, predictions, prevention. Journal of Geochemical exploration, 52(1-2): 5-23.
Sarin, V. and Pant, K. (2006). Removal of chromium from industrial waste by using eucalyptus bark. Bioresource Technology, 97(1): 15-20.
Sharma, A.K., Malik, D.S. and Bargali, H. (2018). Present status of fish diversity and population abundance of selected fish species in Bhagirathi river at Uttarakhand. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6(1): 432-438.
Sharma, N. and Singhvi, R. (2017). Effects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on human health and environment: a review. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology, 10(6): 675-680.
Stocking, M. (2005). Land degradation control and its global environmental benefits. Land Degradation & Development, 16(2): 99-112.
Tiwary, R.K. and Dhar, B.B. (1994). Environmental pollution from coal mining activities in Damodar river basin, India. Mine Water and the Environment, 13(1): 1-10.
Wang, Y.C. (2019). Mobile solutions to air quality monitoring. In Mobile Solutions and Their Usefulness in Everyday Life. Springer, 225-249.
Wania, F. and Mackay, D. (1996). Peer reviewed: tracking the distribution of persistent organic pollutants. Environmental Science & Technology, 30(9): 390A-396A.
Warner, K., Hamza, H., Oliver-Smith, A., Renaud, F. and Julca, A. (2010). Climate change, environmental degradation and migration. Natural Hazards, 55 (3): 689–715.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2020 Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
