Effect of fertilizers and mulching on growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.)
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2022.070209
Abstract
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of fertilizers and mulching on growth and yield of sweet pepper at the Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October, 2018 to March, 2019. Two factors experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The experiment consisted four (4) levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers viz., F1 (Vermicompost), F2 (Recommended dose of NPKS), F3 (50% Vermicompost + 50% Recommended dose of NPKS) and F4 (75% Vermicompost + 25% Recommended dose of NPKS); and three mulch materials viz., M0 (Control), M1 (White polythene) and M2 (Black polythene). Plot size was 1 m x 1 m. The growth and physio-morphological characters, yield attributes and yield were significantly influenced by different types of fertilizers application and mulching practices. F4 treatment (75% Vermicompost + 25% Recommended dose of NPKS) produced maximum yield per hectare (40 t/ha) and F1 (vermicompost) treatment produced minimum yield per hectare (23.07 t/ha). Fruit yield increased 12.49%, 20.01% and 28.44% higher using F4, F3 and F2, respectively compared to control treatment. Mulching material influenced fruit yield where the maximum yield per hectare (40 t/ha) were observed from the M2 (Black polythene). Fruit yield (t/ha) recorded 27.06% and 27.50% higher in M2 and M1, respectively compared to control. In case of combined treatment, the fresh weight of fruit and dry matter were found higher in M2F4 and the lowest in M0F1. The maximum yield per hectare (53.31 t/ha) was found in M2F4 and M2F4 treatment produce 201.75% higher yield (t/ha) compared to control treatment combination M0F1 (17.67 t/ha). The second and third highest was found from M2F3 and M1F4. The highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) was found in M2 F4 and it was 7.49. Black plastic mulch with combined fertilizer (vermicompost and chemical fertilizer) gives higher plant height, yield, dry matter and other yield contributing parameters. Control treatment (no mulch) with only vermicompost gives lowest result in all cases.
Keywords:
BCR (Benefit cost ratio), Organic, Mulch materials, Soil health,, VermicompostDownloads
References
Afrin, A., Islam, M. A., Hossain, M. M. & Hafiz, M. M. H. (2019). Growth and yield of carrot influenced by organic and inorganic fertilizers with irrigation interval. Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University, 17(3), 338–343, https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i3.43207
Akhter, F., Mostarin, T., Islam, M. N., Akhter, S. & Parvin, A. (2018). Effect of mulches and phosphorus on growth and yield of squash (Cucurbita pepo). The
Agriculturists, 16(2), 25-34.
Aprodisia, K. & Maina, M. (2018). Effects of grass and plastic mulch on growth and yield of strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) in Kiambu County, Kenya. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 38(1), 6129-6137.
Arun, T. (2016). Effect of different mulching practices on growth, yield and weed control in tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.). Doctoral Dissertation, College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030.
Biswas, T., Islam, M.A. & Haque, T. (2020). Exogenously applied moringa leaf extracts and mixed fertilizers in soil to improve growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.). Sustainability in Food and Agriculture, 1(1), 42-47.
Bogevska, Z., Popsimonova, G., Agic, R. and Davitkovska, M. (2021). Influence of mulching materials on pepper (Capsicum annuum L. ssp. macrocarpum var. longum) characteristics. Acta Hortic. 1320, 87-92. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2021.1320.11
Chakraborty, D., Nagarajan, S., Aggarwal, P., Gupta, V. K., Tomar, R. K., Garg, R. N., Sahoo, R. N., Sarkar, A., Chopra, U. K., Sarma, K. S. & Karla, N. (2008). Effect of mulching on soil and plant water status and the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a semi-arid environment. Indian Agricultural Science, 95, 1323-1334, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.06.001
Chiezey, U. F. & Odunze, A. C. (2009). Soybean response to application of poultry manure and phosphorus fertilizer in the sub-humid Savanna of Nigeria. Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment, 1(2): 25-31.
Farjana, S., Islam, M. A. & Haque, T. (2019). Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers and mulching on growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var.
capitata L.). Journal of Horticulture and Postharvest Research, 2(2), 95-104.
Hegde, D. M. (2008). Effect of soil moisture and nitrogen on plant water relations, mineral composition and productivity of bell pepper (Capsicum annum L). Indian Journal of Agronomy, 34, 30–34.
Islam, M. A., Ferdous, S., Akter, A., Hossain, M. M. & Nandwani, D. (2017a). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of cabbage with different planting spacing. MDPI Agriculture, Basel, Switzerland, 7, 31, https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture7040031
Islam, M. A., Islam, S., Akter, A., Rahman, M. H. & Nandwani, D. (2017b). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil properties and the growth, yield and quality of tomato in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. MDPI Agriculture, Basel, Switzerland, 7, 18.
Islam, M. A., Jahan, N., Quadir, Q. F. & Haque, S. M. (2020). Assessment of fishpond sediments for growth, yield and nutritional quality of Indian spinach (Basella alba L.). Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 5 (1), 33-39,https://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.050105
Islam, M. M., Islam, M. K., Proshad, R., Islam, M. S., Islam, M. S., Kormoker, T. & Billah, K. M. M. M. (2017). Effect of inorganic and organic fertilizers on soil properties with vegetative growth and yield quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Bangladesh. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 11(5), 37-46.
Javed, S. & Panwar, A. (2013). Effect of biofertilizer, vermicompost and chemical fertilizer on different biochemical parameters of Glycine max and Vigna mungo. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 5, 40-44.
Joshi, R. & Pal, V. A. (2010). Effect of vermicompost on growth, yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). African Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2(3-4), 117-123.
KPH (2018). Krishi Projukti Hatboi. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. p. 178.
Mahadeen, A. Y. (2014). Effect of polyethylene black plastic mulch on growth and yield of two summer vegetable crops under rain-fed conditions under semi-arid region conditions. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 9(2), 202-207.
Mazed, H. E. M. K., Pulok, M.A.I., Chowdhury, M. S. N., Moonmoon, J. F. & Nur-unnahar. (2015). Effect of different types of organic manure and mulching on the growth and yield of carrot (Daucus Carota L.). International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(2), 2250-3153.
Murungu, F. S., Chiduza, C., Muchaonyerwa, P., & Mnkeni, P. N. S. (2011). Mulch effects on soil moisture and nitrogen, weed growth and irrigated maize productivity in a warm-temperate climate of South Africa. Soil and Tillage Research, 112(1), 58-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.11.005
Navarro, J. M., Flores, P., Garrido, C. & Martinez, V. (2006). Changes in the contents of antioxidant compounds in pepper at different ripening stages as affected by salinity. Food Chem, 96, 66-73.
Obidiebube, E. A., Eruotor, P. G., Akparobi, S. O., Emosaariue, U. A., Achebe. & Kator, P. E. (2012). Response of four cultivars of pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) to different levels of N. P. K. fertilizer in rainforest agroecological zone. International Journal of Agricultural Science, 2, 1143-1150.
Phiri, C. (2010). Influence of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts on germination and early seedling development of major cereals. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1(5), 774-777.
Pramanik, P., Bandyopadhyay, K. K., Bhaduri, D., Bhatacharyya, R. & Aggarwal, P. (2015). Effect of mulch on soil thermal regimes - A review. International Journal of Agriculture Environment & Biotechnology, 8, 645-58.
Ramesh, P., Panwar, N. R., Singh, A. B., Ramana, S., Yadav, S. K. & Rao, A. S. (2010). Status of Organic farming in India. Current Science, 98(9), 1190-1194.
Reddy, G. C., Hebbar, S. S., Nair, A. K., Raghupathy, H. B., Gowda, A. P. M. & Umesha, K. (2018). Impact of mulching and sources of fertilizer on yield and nutrient uptake in red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) under drip irrigation. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(1), 1542-1546.
Ullah, M. S., Islam, M. S., Islam, M. A. & Haque, T. (2008). Effects of organic manures and chemical fertilizers on the yield of brinjal and soil properties. Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University, 6, 271–276.
UNDP. (1988). Land Resources Appraisal of Bangladesh for Agricultural Development, Report 2. Agro-ecological Regions of Bangladesh. BARC/UNDP,
Farmgate, Dhaka. pp. 212-221.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
