Characterization and selection of thin-shelled walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes of Mustang, Nepal
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0801013
Abstract
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) of seedling origin creates large variability within this crop. A research study was carried out at Directorate of Agricultural Research, Lumle, Kaski and Marpha, Mustang to characterize and deciphers the variability of thin-shelled walnut for further selection, conservation and variety registration. Walnut orchard of Mustang district was surveyed in March, 2018 and 50 walnut trees were labeled according to its flowering and flushing time. 36 accessions of thin-shelled walnut were characterized on 17 different parameters regarding growth habit, bearing habit, fruit and kernel characteristics. Around 88.89% trees exhibited terminal fruiting habit and remaining showed lateral fruiting habit. Three type of tree shape was noticed as spreading round, semi-erect and erect. Huge variation in nut shape was observed having 50% trees were with circular nuts. Four types of shell strength was recorded; 11.11% accessions having papery shell, 27.78% having weak shell, 47.22% having intermediate shell and 13.88 having strong shell strength. Average nut yield of trees ranged from 15-75 kg with an average of 26.67 kg. Nut weighted from 5.96-18.99 g with an average of 11.14 g. Kernel weight ranged from 2.8-8.92 g. More than 50% shelling was recorded in 13 accessions. The kernel quality of 14 accessions (out of 36) showed 5 rank (Excellent quality); and remaining 22 accessions showed 4 rank (Good quality). Based on this characterization, 13 accessions were selected and recommended for further multiplication and variety registration.
Keywords:
Accessions, Selection, Variability, Walnut (Juglans regia L.)Downloads
References
Arzani, K., Mansouri-Ardakan, H., Vezvaei, A., & Roozban, M. R. (2008). Morphological variation among Persian walnut (Juglans regia) genotypes from central Iran. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 36(3), 159-168.
Atefi, J. (1993). Evaluation of walnut genotypes in Iran. Acta Horticulture, 311, 24-33, https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1993.311.2
Casal, A., Diaz, R., & Fernández-López, J. (2004, November). Genetic variation of different Juglans species in Galicia (Spain). In V International Walnut Symposium, 705, 123-129.
Cosmulescu, S., & Botu, M. (2012). Walnut biodiversity in south-western Romania resource for perspective cultivars. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(1), 307-311.
Devkota, L. N. (1999). Deciduous fruit production in Nepal, in: Papademetriou, M. K., & Herath, E.M.(Eds), Deciduous Fruit Production in Asia and the Pacific, Bankok, Thiland, pp.63-78.
Eskandari, S., Hassani, D., & Abdi, A. (2005). Investigation on genetic diversity of Persian walnut and evaluation of promising genotypes. In V International Walnut Symposium, 705, 59-166.
Germain, E. (2004). Inventory of walnut research, germplasm and references. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Hassankhah, A., Rahemi, M., Ramshini, H., Sarikhani, S., & Vahdati, K. (2020). Flowering in Persian walnut: patterns of gene expression during flower development. BMC Plant Biology, 20, 1-10.
International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, IPGRI (1994). Descriptors for walnut (Juglans spp.). Bioversity International.
Khadivi, A., Montazeran, A., Rezaei, M., & Ebrahimi, A. (2019). The pomological characterization of walnut (Juglans regia L.) to select the superior genotypes – An opportunity for genetic improvement. Scientia Horticulturae, 248, 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.12.054
Khadivi-Khub, A., & Ebrahimi, A. (2015). The variability in walnut (Juglans regia L.) germplasm from different regions in Iran. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37(3), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-015-1806-y
Khadivi-Khub, A., Ebrahimi, A., Mohammadi, A., & Kari, A. (2015). Characterization and selection of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from seedling origin trees. Tree Genetics & Genomes, 11(3), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-015-0882-x
Khan, M. W., Khan, I. A., Ahmad, H., Ali, H., Ghafoor, S., Afzal, M., Khan, F. A., Shah, M., & Afridi, S. G. (2010). Estimation of genetic diversity in walnut. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42(3), 1791-1796.
Mir J. I., Singh, D. B., Sharma, O. C., Naqash, S., Rashid, M., Raja, W. H., Kumawat, K.L., & Nabi, S. (2019). Morphological description of walnut reference varieties -a pre-requisite for DUS testing.
Mir, J. I., Ahmed, N., Singh, D. B., Rashid, M., Singh, S. R., Sharma, O. C., Lal, S., & Sharma, A. (2018). Morphological characterization of walnut genotypes of diverse origin. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 75(2), 172-176.
Mirmahdi, N. S., & Khadivi, A. (2021). Identification of the promising Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes among seedling‐originated trees. Food Science & Nutrition, 9(4): 2217-2226, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2193
MoALD. 2022. Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture, 2020/21. Government of Nepal. Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Planning and Development Cooperation Coordination Division, Statistics and Analysis Section, Singhdurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sharma, O., Liaqat Ali, C., Ghanai, N. A., & Sandeep, K. (2010). Variability and nut characteristics of seedling walnuts (Juglans regia L.) growing in Ladakh Region of India. Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1(3), 219-223.
Sharma, O. C., & Sharma, S. D. (2001). Genetic divergence in seedling trees of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) for various nut and kernel characters in Himachal Pradesh. Scientia. Horticulturae, 88, 163-17.
Verma, M. K., Sofi, A., Ahmed, N., & Sign, D. B. (2009). Walnut germplasm collection at CITH. Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture (ICAR), Srinagar, J. and K., India.
Weltz, B., & Raizada, M. (2014). Nepalese Walnut for export to Canada, University of Guelph, Canada.
Zeneli, G., Kola, H., & Dida, M. (2004). Phenotypic variation in native walnut populations of Northern Albania. Scientia Horticulturae, 105, 91-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scien ta.2004.11.003
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
