Growth performance of Thai Pangus (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) using different synthetic amino acids in plant protein based formulated diets

Durin Akhter Jahan; Saymuna Tarin Lupa; Md. Hashibur Rahman; Md. Zulfikar Ali; Anuradha Bhadra; Yahia Mahmud

doi:10.26832/24566632.2023.0803021

Durin Akhter Jahan ¹ , Saymuna Tarin Lupa ² , Md. Hashibur Rahman ³ , Md. Zulfikar Ali ⁴ , Anuradha Bhadra ⁵ , Yahia Mahmud ⁶

¹ Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH
² Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH
³ Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Headquarters, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH
⁴ Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Headquarters, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH
⁵ Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH
⁶ Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Headquarters, Mymensingh, BANGLADESH

✉ Coressponding author: See PDF.

doi https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0803021

Abstract

An experiment was carried out for a period of 120 days to evaluate three formulated diets among of which T₁ was formulated based on animal protein, T₂ was partially replaced animal protein with plant protein and adding amino acid whereas the T₃ was formulated with fully plant protein with adding amino acid to assess the growth performance of Thai Pangus, Pangasionodon hypophthalmus. Each treatment had three replicates using 9 (nine) mini experimental ponds. The stocking density was 120 fish/decimal. Initially, the fish were fed twice daily at a rate of 5% of their body weight, which was progressively reduced to 2% by the end of the experiment. During the experimental period, the water quality parameters observed (temperature 26.0°C-31.5°C, pH 7.50-8.44, DO 4.30-5.94 mgL^-1, ammonia-nitrogen 0.01 to 0.03 mgL^-1, and total alkalinity 155-185 mgL^-1) were found to be optimal and stable. The mean weight gains (WG) of Thai Pangus were 421.6±4.71 g, 407.34±1.97 g and 345.89±4.44 g for T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively and significantly (p<0.05) highest WG was obtained in T₁ and T₂ followed by T_3.The specific growth rate (SGR) was found highest in T₂ (2.70±0.03) followed by T₁ (2.53±0.06) and T₃ (2.16±0.04), respectively. The highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found in T₁ (1.62) whereas lowest FCR obtained from T₂ (1.52±0.01) followed by T₃ (1.55). The protein efficiency ratio (PER) values were ranged between 2.03 and 2.13 and highest was found in T₂(2.13±0.05). The highest production was attained from T₁(13557.50±51.60 kg ha^-1) followed by T₂ (13227.71±50.72 kg ha^-1) and T₃(11450.60±49.87 kg ha^-1), respectively. The findings of this study revealed that, the partial replacement of animal protein with plant protein adding limited amino acid (lysine and methionine) exhibited the best performance on the basis of nutritive value and growth performance.

Keywords:

Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, Growth performance, Fish meal replacement, Lysine, Methionine

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmed, I., & Khan, M. A. (2004). Dietary lysine requirement of fingerling Indian major carp. Aquaculture, 235, 499-511.

A.O.A.C. (1980). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (W. Horwitz edition) 13th edition, Washington DC, pp.988.

Amin, A. R. (2005). The Impacts of Compensatory Growth on Food Intake, Growth Rate and Efficiency of Feed Utilization in Thai Pangas (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 8(5), pp.766-770.

Andrews, J. W., & Stickney, R. R. (1972). Interactions of feeding rates and environmental temperature on growth, food conversion, and body composition of channel catfish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 101(1), 94-99.

Bardach, J. E., Ryther, J. H. & McLarney, W. O. (1972). The farming and husbandry of freshwater and marine organisms. Aquaculture, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Begum, M., Akter, T., & Minar, M.H. (2012). Effect of salt and garlic on the quality and microbial content of smoked catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). International journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 3(4),464-467.

Castell, J.D., & Tiews, K. (1980). Report on the EIFAC, IUNS and ICES working group on the standardization of methodology in fish nutrition research, Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany, 21-23 March, 1979. EIFAC Technical Paper J; pp. 26.

Chuapoehuk, W., & Pothisooing, T. (1993). Protein requirement of catfish P. sutchi (Fowler). In Proc. Asian Finfish Nutrition Workshop held in Singapore (pp. 23-26).

Garling Jr, D. L., & Wilson, R. P. (1976). Optimum dietary protein to energy ratio for channel catfish fingerlings, Ictalurus punctatus. The Journal of nutrition, 106(9), 1368-1375.

Guedes, A. C., Sousa-Pinto, I., & Malcata, F. X. (2015). Application of microalgae protein to aquafeed. In Handbook of marine microalgae. Academic Press. pp. 93-125.

Hillestad, M. (2001). High-energy diets for Atlantic salmon: Effect on growth, feed utilization, product quality and recipient loading. In: Reservoir and culture-based fisheries: biology and management. Proc. of an International Workshop held in Bangkok, Thailand from 15-18 February, 2000. pp.8l.

Hung, L.T., Tuan, N. A., & Lazard, J. (1998). Effects of frequency and period of feeding on growth and feed utilization in two Asian catfishes, Pangasius bocourti (Sauvage, 1880) and Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878). IRD. In: The biological diversity and aquaculture of clariid and pangasiid catfishes in south-east Asia (M. Legendre and A. Pariselle eds.). Proc. of the midterm workshop of the "catfish Asia Project" Cantho, Vietnam. pp. 157-166.

Jackson, A. J., Capper, B. S., & Matty, A. J. (1982). Evaluation of some plant proteins in complete diets for the tilapia Sarotherodon mossambicus. Aquaculture, 27(2), 97-109.

Jhingran, V. G. (1991). Fish and Fisheries of India, Hindustan Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, pp.727.

Kamarudin, M. S., Rahman, R. A., Azim, Z. A., Siraj, S. S., & Hutagalung, R. I. (1987). Effect of four different diets on weight gain, growth, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency of P. sutchi (flower) fingerlings. In: Advances in animal feeds and feeding in the tropics. Proc. of the tenth annual conference of the Malaysian society of animal production, Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia, pp. 192-196.

Keembiyehetty, C. N., & Gatlin III, D. M. (1992). Dietary lysine requirement of juvenile hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis). Aquaculture, 104(3-4), 271-277.

Kerr, B. J., & Easter, R. A. (1995). Effect of feeding reduced protein, amino acid-supplemented diets on nitrogen and energy balance in grower pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 73(10), 3000-3008.

Ketola, H. G. (1983). Requirement for dietary lysine and arginine by fry of rainbow trout. Journal of Animal Science, 56(1), 101-107.

Khan, S., Hossain, M. S., & Haque, M. M. (2009). Effects of feeding schedule on growth, production and economics of Pangasiid catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) polyculture. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 7(1), 175-181.

Khan, M. S. R. (1997). Culture of Pangasius sutchi (Flower) in ponds and cages (Doctoral dissertation, MS Thesis, Department of Aquaculture, BAU, Mymensingh), pp.62.

Lovell, T. (1989). Nutrition and feeding of fish (Vol. 260). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. National Research Council, 2011. Nutrient requirements of fish and shrimp. National academies press. pp. 392.

Nunes, A. J., Sá, M. V., Browdy, C. L., & Vazquez-Anon, M. (2014). Practical supplementation of shrimp and fish feeds with crystalline amino acids. Aquaculture, 431, 20-27.

Ogello, E. O., Munguti, J. M., Sakakura, Y., & Hagiwara, A. (2014). Complete replacement of fish meal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) grow-out with alternative protein sources. A review. International Journal of Advanced Research, 2, 962-978.

Pantha, M. B. (1982). The use of soybean in practical feeds for tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. MSc Thesis, University of Stirling, UK.

Pathmasothy, S. (1987). Comparative study of the growth rate and carcass composition of the striped catfish, Pangasius sutchi (Fowler) fed with chicken viscera and pelleted feeds in static ponds. Freshwater Fish research Institute, Batu Berendam, Melaka. Fisheries Bulletin, 50. pp.11.

Rahman, A. A. (1989). Freshwater fishes of Bangladesh. Zoological Society of Bangladesh, pp. 352.

Razzaque, M. A., Mazid, M. A., Islam, M. N., & Mansur, M. A. (2008). Culture possibility of scheilbeid catfish using formulated feed in natural pond. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 6(2), 375-380.

Sarker, M. T. (2000). Pangus Chash Babosthapana (Management of Pangus culture). Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh, pp. 25.

Shiau, S. Y., Kwok, C. C., Hwang, J. Y., Chen, C. M., & Lee, S. L. (1989). Replacement of Fishmeal with Soybean Meal in Male Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticusx O. aureus) Fingerling Diets at a Suboptimal Protein Level. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 20(4), 230-235.

Small, B. C., & Soares Jr, J. H. (2000). Quantitative dietary lysine requirement of juvenile striped bass Morone saxatilis. Aquaculture Nutrition, 6(4), 207-212.

Stickney, R. R. (1979). Principles of warmwater aquaculture. John Wiley & Sons, Newyork.

Tacon, A. G. J., Jauncey, K., Falaye, A., Pantha, M., MacGowan, I., & Stafford, E. A. (1983). The use of meat and bone meal, hydrolyzed feather meal and soybean meal in practical fry and fingerling diets for Oreochromis niloticus. In Proc. 1st. lntl, Symp. on Tilapia in Aquaculture, Fishelson, J. and Yaron, Z.(eds). Tel Aviv Univ. Press, Israel (pp. 356-365).

Tacon, A. G. (1993). Feed ingredients for warmwater fish, fish meal and other processed feedstuffs. FAO Fisheries Circular (FAO). no. 856.

Tacon, A. G., & Metian, M. (2008). Global overview on the use of fish meal and fish oil in industrially compounded aquafeeds: Trends and future prospects. Aquaculture, 285(1-4), 146-158.

Teshima, S., & Kanazawa, A. (1988). Nutritive value of methionine-enriched soybean plastein for Oreochromis niloticus fry. In the Second International Symposium on Tilapia [RSV Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai, JL Mclean 9eds.)], ICLARM Proceedings, 15, 393-399.

Viola, S., & Arieli, Y. (1983). Nutrition studies with tilapia (Sarotherodon). 1-Replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for intensive tilapia culture. Bamidgeh, 35(1), 9-17.

Wilson, R. P. (2003). Amino acid requirements of finfish and crustaceans. In Amino acids in animal nutrition (pp. 427-447). Wallingford UK: CABI Publishing. 427-447.

Zakaria, Z., Salleh, N. H. M., Mohamed, A. R., Anas, N. A., & Idris, S. N. A. (2012). Optimization of protein content in earthworm-based fish feed formulation for catfish (Clarius gariepinus). Sains Malaysiana, 41(9), 1071-1077.