Evaluation of yield and agronomic traits of spring rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes in sub-tropical zone of Sunsari, Nepal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2025.100207Keywords:
Genotypes, Grain yield, Harvest index, Price, Spring seasonAbstract
Rice is a high-value economic crop and a primary food source for a large portion of the global population. Enhancing its potential yield is crucial to meet the growing food demands driven by population increase and changing climatic conditions. This research work was aimed to evaluate the phenological, morphological, and yield-contributing characters of seven genotypes of rice, a check variety (Chaite-5), under the prevailing spring season conditions to choose good genotypes with better productivity for potential cultivation in such agro-climatic regions. The experiment was conducted in spring season during the year 2024 under a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications on the research farm. Phenological, morphological, and yield traits like yield, biomass production, harvest index, grains/spike, and sterility percentage were taken into consideration. Statistical analysis with correlation coefficients was carried out to ascertain the relationship between traits and grain yield. The results revealed significant (p<0.05) genetic variability among the genotypes. Among them, IR 17L 1420 was recorded with highest biomass and grain yield, while IR 16L 1619
exhibited the highest harvest index of rice. In contrast, the check variety Chaite-5 demonstrated lower productivity and higher sterility. Correlation analysis showed significant and positive relationships between grain yield and traits such as biomass, harvest index, and grains per spike of rice. These findings suggest that selecting genotypes with high biomass, superior harvest index, and low sterility rates could effectively enhance rice productivity. The study provides valuable insights for rice breeding programs and cultivar improvement under spring-season cultivation conditions.
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