Response of variety and sulphur on yield attributes and yield of boro rice in Haor area of Bangladesh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2025.100405Keywords:
Boro rice, Haor ecosystem, Hybrid rice, Sulphur fertilization, Varietal performance, Yield attributesAbstract
The haor region of Bangladesh offers substantial scope to enhance boro rice productivity through improved soil nutrient management and adoption of high-yielding varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the interactive effects of rice variety and sulphur application on growth and yield performance under haor conditions. A field experiment was conducted at Dhoronti Haor, Nasirnagar, Brahmanbaria district of Bangladesh during January–April 2023 using four varieties—BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan89, and Hira-2 (Hybrid)—and five sulphur levels (0, 55, 110, 165, and 220 kg S ha-¹) with recommended fertilizer doses. The experiment followed a split-plot design with three replications, assigning varieties to main plots and sulphur levels to subplots. Results revealed significant (p < 0.05) main and interaction effects of variety and sulphur on most growth and yield traits. The hybrid Hira-2 produced the highest filled grains panicle-¹ (323.0), panicle length (22.0 cm), thousand-grain weight (28.79 g), and grain yield (9.24 t ha-¹), whereas BRRI dhan28 showed the lowest performance. Sulphur application significantly improved yield attributes, with the optimum yield (7.42 t ha-¹) obtained at 165 kg S ha-¹, beyond which no further increase was observed. Variety × Sulphur interaction indicated that Hira-2 and BRRI dhan89 were most responsive to moderate sulphur levels, while BRRI dhan28 showed limited response. The integration of hybrid rice variety Hira-2 with an optimum sulphur rate of 165 kg S ha-¹ can substantially enhance grain yield and resource-use efficiency, offering a sustainable intensification strategy for the haor agroecosystem.
Downloads
References
Akter, M., Sarkar, S. C., Islam, M. R., & Haque, M. M. (2014). Source–sink relationship and yield performance of hybrid rice varieties in Boro season. International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 1(3), 39–48.
Akter, N., Islam, M. R., Karim, M. A., Miah, M. G., Rahman, M. M., & Ahmed, S. (2025). Enhancing Boro Rice Productivity and Profitability in Flash Flood-Prone Haor Areas of Bangladesh: The Influence of Planting Times, Varieties, and Management Practices. Research square, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5987962/v1
Alam, M. M., Ladha, J. K., Foyjunnessa, & Buresh, R. J. (2006). Nutrient management for increased productivity of the rice–wheat cropping system in Bangladesh. Field Crops Research, 96(2), 374–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.08.010
Aziz, M. A. (2016). Productivity improvement of fine Boro rice varieties through fertilizer management in the haor areas (Doctoral dissertation, Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet).
BBS, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. (2023). Agricultural statistics of Bangladesh. Ministry of Planning, Government of Bangladesh. https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites
Banu, B., Khatun, M. A., Rahman, M. M., Mila, F. A., & Khatun, M. N. (2014). A comparative economic analysis of BR-28, BR-29 and hybrid Hira rice production in selected areas of Kurigram district. Journal of Sylhet Agricultural University, 1(2), 273–278.
Bari, A., Promi, R. J., Shumsun, N., Hasan, K., Hosen, M., Demir, C., Barutçular, C., & Islam, M. S. (2023). Response of sulphur and boron on growth, yield traits and yield of Boro rice (BRRI dhan28) at high Ganges river floodplain of Bangladesh. ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7(1), 158–172.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7756194
Bassiouni, S. M. (2016). Response of rice crop to phosphorus and sulphur fertilizers under saline soil conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 7(10), 1101–1107. https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46943_abeea8d45aedf9920a3ab51a2c8b27a5.pdf
BHWD, Haor and Wetland Development Board (2012). Master Plan of Haor Area. Ministry of Water Resources, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Vol. II, 264 p. https://dbhwd.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/dbhwd.portal.gov.bd/publications/298d5166_988c_4589_96cb_36e143deba4f/Haor%20Master%20Plan%20Volume%202.pdf
Blair, G. J., & Lefroy, R. D. B. (1987). Sulphur cycling in tropical soils and the agronomic impact of increasing use of S-free fertilizers, increased crop production and burning of crop residue. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Fertilizer Sulphur Requirements and Sources in Developing Countries of Asia and the Pacific (pp. 12–17). FADI–NAP, FAO, TSI and ACIAR. https://agris.fao.org/search/en/providers/122621/records/647228bc69d6cbfdd4a36978
Bokhtiar, S. M., Uddin, M. A., & Hossain, M. (2024). Constraints and opportunities of agricultural development in the haor region of Bangladesh. Ecologies, 5(2), 256-278. https://doi.org/10.3390/ecologies5020017
BRRI. (2018). Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Annual Report. Gazipur, Bangladesh. https://brri.gov.bd/site/page/d3af86ac-b809-424d-8948-3050f28a6a27
Chen, Y., Song, J., Hong, X., Zhang, H., Hu, T., & Zhu, G. (2025). Growth Traits and Yield Performance of Japonica Hybrid Rice Bred by the New Strategy in the Yangtze River Region of China. Agronomy, 15(1), 152. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy1501015
David, C. C. (1989). The global rice situation. In Progress in irrigated rice research (pp. 9–24). International Rice Research Institute. http://books.irri.org/9711041847_content.pdf
Dey, R. K., Toma, S. R., Rahman, N., Khatun, M. S., Begum, M. S., & Hoque, M. (2025). Phenology and yield performances of HYV and local rice cultivars during Boro and Aman seasons in Haor ecology of Sylhet. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 23(2), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v23i2.82580
FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization. (2023). Rice production and food security in South Asia. FAO Publications. https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/5aac5078-625d-4b94-b964-bea40493016c/content
FRG. (2022). Fertilizer Recommendation Guide. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka. https://moa.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/moa.portal.gov.bd/page/9d1b92d4_1793_43af_9425_0ed49f27b8d0/FRG-2018%20%28English%29.pdf
Giri, K. S., Sahoo, B. K., Behera, B., Behera, S. D., & Jena, J. (2025). Sulphur management in rice (Oryza sativa)–groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) to boost crop growth and system productivity. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 70(2), 168–177. https://doi.org/10.59797/ija.v70.i2.5599
Gomez, K. A., & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Gupta, R., Debsharma, S. K., Jahan, N., & Rani, M. H. (2023). Genetic variability analysis for yield contributing traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in hilly areas of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice Journal, 27(2), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v27i2.77556
Haque, M. M., Pramanik, H. R., Biswas, J. K., Iftekharuddaula, K. M., & Hasanuzzaman, M. (2015). Comparative performance of hybrid and elite inbred rice varieties with respect to their source–sink relationship. The Scientific World Journal, 2015: 326802. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/326802
Huda, M. K. (2004). Experience with modern and hybrid rice varieties in Haor ecosystem: Emerging technologies for sustainable rice production. Twentieth National Workshop on Rice Research and Extension in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur.
Iftekharuddaula, K. M., Ahmed, H. U., Ghosal, S., Al Amin, A., Moni, Z. R., Ray, B. P., Barman, H. N., Siddique, M. A., Collard, B. C. Y., & Septiningsih, E. M. (2016). Development of early maturing submergence-tolerant rice varieties for Bangladesh. Field Crops Research, 190, 44–53.
Islam, M. S., Mazumder, M. N. N., Sarmin, T., Ali, M. I., Hossain, M. S., & Chowdhury, S. M. A. (2024). Assessing Boro rice yield variances across varied seedling ages to address early flash flood vulnerabilities in the Haor area of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture, 38(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjnag.v38i1.76564
Islam, M. S., Sarker, U. K., Islam, M. A., Rahman, J., Nasim, M. R., Bhowal, S. K., Hasan, A. K., Chaki, A. K., & Uddin, M. R. (2025). Optimizing variety and sowing date for mustard–boro rice–fallow cropping pattern under contrasting land elevations in the haor areas of Kishoreganj, Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science, 10(2), 223–241. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2025/v10i236
Jiang, Y., Cai, Z., Xia, H., & Cao, W. (2015). Comparison of yield components and physiological traits between hybrid and inbred rice cultivars. Field Crops Research, 175, 47–55.
Kalala, A. M., Amuri, N. A., & Semoka, J. M. R. (2016). Sulphur and zinc fertilization effects on growth and yield response of rice. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 11(5), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2016/25567
Kamruzzaman, M., & Uddin, M. T. (2020). Economic viability of Boro rice production in haor ecosystem of Kishoreganj district. The Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics, 41(2), 45–62.
Khanum, M. T., Monira, M. S., Hoque, M. A., Rai, P., & Shifa, M. F. (2023). Comparison of growth and yield performance of rice varieties under three agro-ecological zones. Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(9), 220–250. https://doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2023.v03i09.016
Muralidharan, K., Prasad, G. S., Rao, C. S., Sridhar, R., & Siddiq, E. A. (2012). Grain yield performance of hybrid rice in relation to inbred cultivars in long-term multi-environment tests in India. Crop Science, 52(5), 1765–1772. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20747
Rahman, A., Promi, R. J., & Bari, A. A. (2016). Determining the effect of sulphur and boron on growth and yield of Boro rice in calcareous soil of Bangladesh. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 10(1), 829–837. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rhas/v4/3494C
Rashid, M., & Yasmeen, R. (2018). Cold injury and flash flood damage in Boro rice cultivation in Bangladesh: A review. Bangladesh Rice Journal, 21(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.3329/brj.v21i1.37360
Roy, T. K., Tonmoy, S. M. M. S., Sannal, A., Akter, S., Tarek, K. H., Rana, M. M., & Hasan, M. R. (2022). Yield performance of some short duration high yielding rice varieties during boro season in northern region of Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7877953
Saha, T.K. (2020). Evaluation of soil fertility degradation in haor areas for better management in improving rice productivity. PhD dissertation, Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, pp 217.
Salwa, M., Kashem, M. A., & Begum, K. S. (2019). Growth and yield of Boro rice varieties as affected by fertilizer packages in Haor areas of Bangladesh. Journal of Agroecology and Natural Resource Management, 6(4), 192–195.
Salwa, M., Kashem, M. A., & Begum, K. S. (2020). Effects of fertilizers on growth and yield of Boro rice varieties at Dekar Haor in Sunamganj district. Journal of Sylhet Agricultural University, 7(2), 71–77.
Sultana, M. A., Pandit, D., Barman, S. K., Tikadar, K. K., Tasnim, N., Fagun, I. A., Hussain, M. A., & Kunda, M. (2022). A review of fish diversity, decline drivers, and management of the Tanguar Haor ecosystem: A globally recognized Ramsar site in Bangladesh. Heliyon, 8(11), e11875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11875
Wang, C., Wang, Z., Cai, Y., Zhu, Z., Yu, D., Hong, L., Wang, Y., Lv, W., Zhao, Q., Si, L., Liu, K., & Han, B. (2024). A higher-yield hybrid rice is achieved by assimilating a dominant heterotic gene in inbred parental lines. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 22(2024), 1669–1680. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.14295
Yoshida, S., Forno, D. A., Cock, J. H., & Gomez, K. A. (1976). Laboratory Manual for Physiological Studies of Rice. IRRI, Philippines. https://www.scirp.org
Yan, S., Zhang, Q., Zou, Y., Ye, G., & Peng, S. (2025). Genetic gains in grain yield and yield attributes of hybrid rice compared with inbred cultivars in China. Crop Science, 65(1), 55–67.
Zi, Y., Wang, X., Liu, H., Chen, Q., & Li, Z. (2025). Hybrid rice shows superior grain filling and nutrient use efficiency compared to inbred cultivars. Plant Production Science, 28(2), 145–157.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
