Effects of Gibberellic acid (GA3) on shelf life and physiochemical properties of mango (Mangifera indica L. var Bombay green)
https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2022.0704010
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of GA3 on the physicochemical properties and shelf life of mango (Mangifera indica L. var. Bombay green) from 31st May 2022 to 8th June 2022 at the Central Laboratory of GPCAR collage Gothgaun, Morang, Nepal. The study's goal was to find the right gibberellic acid concentration to use in mangoes that were collected at a mature stage to delay fruit ripening, preserve quality, and lengthen shelf life. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. Mature freshly harvested mango fruits of uniform size were dipped into an aqueous solution of gibberellic acid at 0 ppm (T1), 100 ppm (T2), 200 ppm (T3), 300 ppm (T4) and 400 ppm (T5) for 10 minutes. Data on physicochemical parameters (mango pulp pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, physiological weight loss, and shelf life) were statistically analyzed through biochemical analyses. Further, fruits treated with 400 ppm of GA3; resulted in the lowest physiological loss in weight (22.08%), the minimum pulp pH (5.02), and the minimum titratable acidity (0.14%) on the 8th day after storage. The highest total soluble solid (19.85°B) was recorded with GA3 @400ppm, while the lowest soluble solids (16.90°B) were recorded with control ppm on the 8th day after storage. Fruits treated with GA3 at 400 ppm had the longest shelf life (7.17 days), while fruits treated with GA at 300 ppm had the shortest shelf life (7.19 days). Therefore, the best results were obtained when gibberellic acid was applied at 400 ppm, which extended the shelf life and physiochemical traits of mango fruits.
Keywords:
Bombay green, Gibberellic acid (GA3), Mango, Physiochemical properties, Shelf lifeDownloads
References
Abdelfadeel, O. M. E. (2015). Effect of packaging and waxing on fruit quality and shelf life of some introduced mango cultivars (Doctoral dissertation, University of Gezira).
Amro, S. M. S., Abdel-Hameed, A. A., & Gammal, O. H. M. E. (2016). Effect of gibberellin and urea foliar spray on blooming, fruiting and fruit quality of mango trees cv. Fagri Kalan. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 9(3), 9-19.
Azad, I. M., Mortuza, M. G., Al-Amin, M., Naher, M. N. A., & Alam, S. K. (2009). Qualitative analysis of mango (Mangifera indica, L.) fruits at different maturity stages. The Agriculturists, 7(1), 1-5.
Bailen, G., Guillen, F., Castillo, S., Zapata, P. J., Serrano, M., Valero, D., Martínez-Romero, D., Duguma, T., Egigu, M. C., & Muthuswamy, M. (2014). The Effects of Gibberellic Acid on Quality and Shelf Life of Banana (Musa Spp.). International Journal of Current Research and Review, 5(23), 63–69. http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=175897
Bhande, S. D., Ravindra, M. R., & Goswami, T. K. (2008). Respiration rate of banana fruit under aerobic conditions at different storage temperatures. Journal of Food Engineering, 87(1), 116-123.
Brummell, D. A., & Harpster, M. H. (2001). Cell wall metabolism in fruit softening and quality and its manipulation in transgenic plants. Plant Molecular Biology, 47(1), 311-339.
Butani, A. M., Dalvadi, A. C., & Makwana, A. N. (2016). Effect of post harvest treatments on shelf life and quality of (Syzygium cuminii Skeels) Cv. Local. Journal of Tree Sciences, 35(2), 66-70.
Chauhan, S. K., Tyagi, S. M., & Singh, D. (2001). Pectinolytic liquefaction of apricot, plum, and mango pulps for juice extraction. International Journal of Food Properties, 4(1), 103-109.
Dirpan, A., Sapsal, M. T., Syarifuddin, A., Tahir, M. M., Ali, K. N. Y., & Muhammad, A. K. (2018). Quality and storability of mango during Zero Energy Cool Chamber (ZECC). International Journal of Agriculture System, 6(2), 119-129.
FAO. (2020). Major tropical fruits market review 2020. In Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
Fitmawati, Harahap, S. P., & Sofiyanti, N. (2017). Short communication: Phylogenetic analysis of mango (Mangifera) in Northern Sumatra based on gene sequences of cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer. Biodiversitas, 18(2), 715–719, https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180239
Gautam, S. K., & Chundawat, B. S. (1992). Effect of post-harvest treatments on biochemical changes in Sapota cv, Cricket ball. Journal of food science and technology (Mysore), 29(1), 53-54.
Hasan, M. Z., Islam, M. A., Hera, M. H. R., Morshed, M. N., & Hassan, M. K. (2020). Effects of different coating materials on shelf life and quality of mango.
Hedden, P., & Thomas, S. G. (2012). Gibberellin biosynthesis and its regulation. Biochemical Journal, 444(1), 11-25.
Hiwale, S. S., & Singh, S. P. (2003). Prolonging shelf-life of guava (Psidium guajava L.). Indian Journal of Horticulture, 60(1), 1-9.
Hoa, T. T., Ducamp, M. N., Lebrun, M., & Baldwin, E. A. (2002). Effect of different coating treatments on the quality of mango fruit. Journal of Food Quality, 25(6), 471-486.
Hodges, R. J., Buzby, J. C., & Bennett, B. (2011). Postharvest losses and waste in developed and less developed countries: opportunities to improve resource use. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 149(S1), 37-45.
Illeperuma, C. K., & Jayasuriya, P. (2002). Prolonged storage of ‘Karuthacolomban’ mango by modified atmosphere packaging at low temperature. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 77(2), 153-157.
Islam, M. K., & Azad, M. A. K. (2017) Biochemical constituents and storability of postharvest mango (Mangifera indica L.) influenced by different levels of gibberellic acid.
Islam, M. T., Rahman, M. S., Akter, M. M., Hasan, M. N., & Uddin, M. S. (2019). Influence of pre-harvest bagging on fruit quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Langra. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research, 4(4), 1-10.
Islam, M., Khan, M. Z. H., Sarkar, M. A. R., Absar, N., & Sarkar, S. K. (2013). Changes in acidity, TSS, and sugar content at different storage periods of the postharvest mango (Mangifera indica L.) influenced by Bavistin DF. International Journal of Food Science, 2013.
Kanzaria, D. R., Polara, N. D., Patel, H. N., Parasana, J. S., Senjaliya, H. J., & Varu, D. K. (2022). Prediction of mango fruit maturity using growing degree days. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(2), 1088-1091.
Khader, S. E. S. A. (1992). Effect of gibberellic acid and vapor gard on ripening, amylase and peroxidase activities and quality of mango fruits during storage. Journal of Horticultural Science, 67(6), 855-860.
Kilcast, D., & Subramanian, P. (2000). Factors influencing shelf-life. The stability and shelf-life of food. Taylor & Francis, 3-5.
Kumar, D. (1998). Effect of post-harvest treatment on shelf-life and quality of mango. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 55(2), 134-138.
Kumar, N., Ojha, A., Upadhyay, A., Singh, R., & Kumar, S. (2021). Effect of active chitosan-pullulan composite edible coating enrich with pomegranate peel extract on the storage quality of green bell pepper. LWT, 138, 110435.
Litz, R. E., & Hormaza, J. I. (2020). 2.2 Mangifera indica Mango. Biotechnology of Fruit and Nut Crops, 27.
Mahajan, P. V., Rodrigues, F. A. S., & Leflaive, E. (2008). Analysis of water vapour transmission rate of perforation-mediated modified atmosphere packaging (PM-MAP). Biosystems Engineering, 100(4), 555-561.
Maurya, P. K., Tripathi, V. K., & Gupta, S. (2020). Effect of pre-harvest application of GA3, Naphthalene acetic acid and borax on fruit drop, yield and quality of Mango cv. Amrapali. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(6), 2123-2127.
MOAD. (2019/20). Statistical information on Nepalese agriculture 2019/20. https://moald.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Statistical-Information-On-Nepalese-Agriculture-2076-77-2019-20.pdf
Mohamed, M. A. A., Abd El-khalek, A. F., & Abdelaziz, A. M. R. A. (2016). Increasing storability of mango cv. ‘Zibda’fruits by 1-methylcyclopropene and gibberellic acid postharvest applications. Egyptian Journal of Horticulture, 43(2), 277-298.
Munasque, V. S., & Mendoza, D. B. (1990). Developmental physiology and ripening behaviour of" Senorita" banana (Musa sp. L.) fruits. ASEAN Food Journal (Malaysia), 5(4), 152-157.
Mwaurah, P. W., Kumar, S., Kumar, N., Panghal, A., Attkan, A. K., Singh, V. K., & Garg, M. K. (2020). Physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and industrial applications of mango kernel and its products: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 19(5), 2421-2446.
Osama, H. M., Amro, E., & Saber, M. M. (2015). Effect of growth regulator, antioxidant and application date on fruiting and fruit quality of mango trees cv. Keitt. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 8(12), 87-95.
Pal, P., Yadav, K., Yadav, S., & Singh, N. (2018). Foliar Application of Potassium and Gibberellic Acid to Improve Fruit Storability and Quality of Parthenocarpic Cucumber. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, 41(3).
Penyimpanan, L. T. S. (2013). Postharvest quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit affected by different levels of gibberellic acid during storage. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 17(3), 499-509.
Pinaki, A. K., Rajput, C. B. S., Aeharya, P., & Kumar, D. (1997). Effect of gibberellic acid, calciumchloride and bavistin on the postharvest life of banana fruits (Musa paradisica L.) ev. Dwarf Cavendish. Recent Horticulture, 4, 30-31.
Rajkumar, M., Karuppaiah, P., & Kandasamy, R. (2005). Effect of calcium and gibberellic acid on post-harvest behaviour of papaya cv. CO2. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 62(4), 327-331.
Ravindra, M. R., & Goswami, T. K. (2008). Modelling the respiration rate of green mature mango under aerobic conditions. Biosystems Engineering, 99(2), 239-248.
Ray, P. K. (2021). Effect of GA3 on Leaf Nutrients and Chemical Composition of Mango. Chemical Science Reviews and Letters, 10 (38).
Reddy, N. S., & Haripriya, K. (2002). Extension of storage life of mango cvs. Bangalora and Neelum. South Indian Horticulture, 50(1/6), 7-18.
Reni, M., Sheela, K. B., & Raju, V. K. (2000). Storage stability of pulp of different papaya varieties. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 57(4), 295-299.
Rodov, V., Fishman, S., De la Asuncion, R., Peretz, J., & Ben-Yehoshua, S. (1996, September). Modified Atmosphere Packaging (Map) Of ‘Tommy Atkins’mango in Perforated Film. In V International Mango Symposium 455 (pp. 654-661).
Selvan, M., & Bal, J. S. (2005). Effect of different treatments on the shelf-life of Sardar guava during cold storage. Journal of Research (India).
Selveraj, Y. (1993). Fruit ripening. Advance in Horticulture, 4, 1708.
Sembok, W. Z. W., Hamzah, Y., & Loqman, N. A. (2016). Effect of plant growth regulators on postharvest quality of banana (Musa sp. AAA Berangan). Journal of Tropical Plant Physiology, 8, 52-60.
Shah, K. A., Patel, M. B., Patel, R. J., & Parmar, P. K. (2010). Mangifera indica (mango). Pharmacognosy Reviews, 4(7), 42.
Shirzadeh, E., & Kazemi, M. (2011). Effect of malic acid and calcium treatments on quality characteristics of apple fruits during storage. American Journal of Plant Physiology, 6(3), 176-182.
Singh, N. K. (2016). Origin, Diversity and Genome Sequence of Mango (Mangifera indica 27 L.). Indian Journal of History of Science, 51(2.2), 355–368, https://doi.org/10.16943/ijhs/2016/v51i2.2/48449
Singh, T., Tripathi, V. K., & Tiwari, P. (2017). In fluence of pre-harvest application of plant bio-regulators and micro nutrients on fruit retention, yield and quality attributes of mango. Progressive Research – An International Journal, 12(4).
Surendar, P., Sha, K., & Madhavan, S. (2019). Effect of post-harvest treatments on shelf life and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Banglora. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(2S), 577-579.
Taduri, M., Reddy, N. N., Lakshmi, J., & Joshi, V. (2017). Effect of pre-harvest treatments on shelf life and quality of mango CV. Amrapali. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 6(7), 54-59.
Tapas, S. (2016). Effect of post-harvest treatments on shelf life and quality of banana cv. Grand Naine. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, ISSN, 0975-3710.
Tsomu, T., & Patel, H. C. (2019). Influence of plant growth regulators and micronutrients on yield and quality attributes of mango CV. mallika. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(4), 1240-1247.
Ueda, M., Sasaki, K., Utsunomiya, N., Inaba, K., & Shimabayashi, Y. (2000). Changes in physical and chemical properties during maturation of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.‘Irwin’) cultured in a plastic greenhouse. Food Science and Technology Research, 6(4), 299-305.
Vega-Vega, V., Silva-Espinoza, B. A., Cruz-Valenzuela, M. R., Bernal-Mercado, A. T., Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. A., Ruiz-Cruz, S., & Ayala-Zavala, J. F. (2013). Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of byproduct extracts of mango fruit. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 86(1), 205-211.
Vendrell, M., & Palomer, X. (1997, April). Hormonal control of fruit ripening in climacteric fruits. In VIII International Symposium on Plant Bioregulation in Fruit Production, 463 (pp. 325-334).
Wahdan, M. T., Habib, S. E., Bassal, M. A., & Qaoud, E. M. (2011). Effect of some chemicals on growth, fruiting, yield and fruit quality of" Succary Abiad" mango cv. Journal of American Science, 7(2), 651-658.
Wang, B. G., Jiang, W. B., Liu, H. X., Lin, L., & Wang, J. H. (2006). Enhancing the post-harvest qualities of mango fruit by vacuum infiltration treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 81(1), 163-167.
Wills, R. B. H., Warton, M. A., Mussa, D. M. D. N., & Chew, L. P. (2001). Ripening of climacteric fruits initiated at low ethylene levels. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 41(1), 89-92.
Wongkhot, A., Rattanapanone, N., & Chanasut, U. (2012). BrimA, total acidity and total soluble solids correlate to total carotenoid content as indicators of the ripening process of six Thai mango fruit cultivars. CMU Journal of Natural Science, 11(1), 97-103.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
